APL (programmeringsspråk)

APL
Tilblivelse1966
ParadigmeMulti-paradigme: Tabellprogrammering, strukturert programmering, funksjonell programmering, modulær programmering
Designet avKenneth E. Iverson
Utviklet avKenneth E. Iverson, IBM, Lawrence M. Breed
Typetildeling dynamisk

APL, en forkortelse for A Programming Language og oppkalt etter boken av samme navn,[1] er et programmeringsspråk som ble utviklet av den canadiske informatikeren Kenneth E. Iverson (1920–2004). Språket ble introdusert i 1964, og ble første gang tatt i bruk på minidatamaskinen IBM 1130 i 1967. I 1970 ble det tatt i bruk på stormaskinen IBM System/370. I 1973 ble det tatt i bruk på den Intel 8008-baserte MCM/70, som var verdens første mikrodatamaskin. Dets sentrale datatype er en flerdimensjonal tabell. Språket bruker en lang rekke grafiske symboler[2] for å representere de fleste funksjoner og operatorer, noe som fører til en svært presis kode.

APL har hatt en viktig rolle i utviklingen av modellering, regneark, funksjonell programmering,[3] og programvarepakker for matematikk.[4] Det har også inspirert flere andre programmeringsspråk.[5][6][7][7] Det er fortsatt i bruk for enkelte applikasjoner.[8][9]

Referanser

  1. ^ Iverson, Kenneth E. (1962). A Programming Language. Wiley. ISBN 0-471-43014-5. 
  2. ^ McIntyre, Donald B. (1991). «Language as an Intellectual Tool: From Hieroglyphics to APL». IBM Systems Journal. 30 (4): 554–581. doi:10.1147/sj.304.0554. Arkivert fra originalen 4. mars 2016. Besøkt 9. januar 2015. 
  3. ^ «ACM Award Citation – John Backus. 1977». Awards.acm.org. 3. desember 1924. Arkivert fra originalen 12. februar 2008. Besøkt 3. februar 2010.  «Arkivert kopi». Arkivert fra originalen 27. april 2020. Besøkt 13. februar 2021. 
  4. ^ «The Growth of MatLab — Cleve Moler» (PDF). Arkivert fra originalen (PDF) 11. april 2009. Besøkt 3. februar 2010.  «Arkivert kopi» (PDF). Arkivert fra originalen (PDF) 19. september 2011. Besøkt 27. september 2016. 
  5. ^ «A Bibliography of APL and J». Jsoftware.com. Besøkt 3. februar 2010. 
  6. ^ «Kx Systems — An Interview with Arthur Whitney — Jan 2004». Kx.com. 4. januar 2004. Arkivert fra originalen 4. april 2009. Besøkt 3. februar 2010.  «Arkivert kopi». Archived from the original on 7. august 2011. Besøkt 27. september 2016. 
  7. ^ a b «About Q'Nial». Nial.com. Arkivert fra originalen 23. august 2011. Besøkt 3. februar 2010.  «Arkivert kopi». Arkivert fra originalen 28. september 2011. Besøkt 27. september 2016. 
  8. ^ «APLX version 4 – from the viewpoint of an experimental physicist. Vector 23.3». Vector.org.uk. 20. mai 2008. Arkivert fra originalen 25. januar 2010. Besøkt 3. februar 2010.  «Arkivert kopi». Arkivert fra originalen 25. januar 2010. Besøkt 27. september 2016. 
  9. ^ Bergquist, Gary A. (1999). «The future of APL in the insurance world». ACM SIGAPL APL Quote Quad. New York, N.Y. 30 (1): 16–21. doi:10.1145/347194.347203. 
Denne artikkelen er en spire. Du kan hjelpe Wikipedia ved å utvide den.

Read other articles:

Beomeosa

Buddhist temple in Busan, South Korea BeomeosaThe temple during the fall (2021)ReligionAffiliationJogye Order of Korean BuddhismLocationLocation250 Beomeosa-ro (Cheongryong-dong), Geumjeong District, Busan, South KoreaCountrySouth KoreaShown within BusanShow map of BusanBeomeosa (South Korea)Show map of South KoreaGeographic coordinates35°17′2″N 129°4′5″E / 35.28389°N 129.06806°E / 35.28389; 129.06806ArchitectureDate established678Websitebeomeo.kr/eng/sub1....

 

Plant-based diet

Diet consisting mostly or entirely of plant-based foods This article is about designed diets which consist mostly or entirely of plant-based foods. For the natural behavior of feeding from plants (phytophagy), see Herbivore. Food from plants A plant-based diet is a diet consisting mostly or entirely of plant-based foods.[1][2] Plant-based diets encompass a wide range of dietary patterns that contain low amounts of animal products and high amounts of plant products such as vege...

 

Julia Louis-Dreyfus

American actress and comedian (born 1961) This article is about the American actress. For the French actress, see Julie Dreyfus. Julia Louis-DreyfusLouis-Dreyfus in December 2019BornJulia Scarlett Elizabeth Louis-Dreyfus (1961-01-13) January 13, 1961 (age 62)New York City, U.S.OccupationsActresscomedianproducerYears active1981–presentSpouse Brad Hall ​ ​(m. 1987)​Children2, including Charlie HallRelativesGérard Louis-Dreyfus (father)Lauren Bowle...

Файл:Реверсивна дробарка.JPG

Опис файлу Опис Реверсивна дробарка Джерело Мала гірнича енциклопедія : у 3 т. / за ред. В. С. Білецького. — Донецьк : Донбас, 2004. — ISBN 966-7804-14-3. Автор зображення Невідомий Ліцензія Дозволено копіювати, розповсюджувати та/або модифікувати цей документ на ...

 

Ланіка

ЛанікаНародилася 380 до н. е.Померла 4 століття до н. е.Країна  Стародавня МакедоніяДіяльність годувальниця, медична сестраБрати, сестри Кліт ЧорнийУ шлюбі з Andronicus of Olynthusd Ланіка (дав.-гр. Λανίκη дав.-гр. Λανίκη ; IV століття до н. е.) — македонська аристократка, год...

 

Repulse Bay

Bay in Southern Hong Kong For the bay in Greenland, see Repulse Harbour. For the hamlet in Nunavut formerly known as Repulse Bay, see Naujaat. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Repulse Bay – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template messa...

Électricité

Vous lisez un « bon article » labellisé en 2021. La foudre est l'un des phénomènes électriques les plus impressionnants qui existent. L’électricité est l'ensemble des phénomènes physiques associés à la présence et au mouvement de la matière qui possède une propriété de charge électrique. L'électricité est liée au magnétisme, les deux faisant partie du phénomène de l'électromagnétisme, tel que décrit par les équations de Maxwell. Divers phénomènes cour...

 

Usuário Discussão:Viniciusmc

Este editor está inativo há muito tempo, portanto sua página de usuário (ou parte dela) foi esvaziada e arquivada por uma questão de segurança e de respeito à privacidade do usuário. A comunidade de editores da Wikipédia lhe agradece o tempo dedicado ao projeto. Morro do Céu (Criciúma) (WP:ESR-SIW) Olá Viniciusmc! O artigo Morro do Céu (Criciúma), criado ou editado por você, foi nomeado para eliminação semirrápida, pois: não cita as fontes empregadas na sua elaboração; es...

 

Culture of Gujarat

Overview of the culture of Gujarat, (India) This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article may need to be rewritten to comply with Wikipedia's quality standards. You can help. The talk page may contain suggestions. (July 2015) This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting on...

العلاقات الإماراتية المنغولية

العلاقات الإماراتية المنغولية الإمارات العربية المتحدة منغوليا   الإمارات العربية المتحدة   منغوليا تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات الإماراتية المنغولية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين الإمارات العربية المتحدة ومنغوليا.[1][2][3][4][5] مقار...

 

Panchu Arunachalam

Indian writer and producer This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Panchu Arunachalam – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Panchu ArunachalamBornPanchanathan Arunachalam[1](1941-03-22)22 March 1941Sirukoodalpatti, Kara...

 

Tari Eason

American basketball player (born 2001) Tari EasonEaston with the Rockets in 2023No. 17 – Houston RocketsPositionPower forwardLeagueNBAPersonal informationBorn (2001-05-10) May 10, 2001 (age 22)Portsmouth, Virginia, U.S.Listed height6 ft 8 in (2.03 m)Listed weight217 lb (98 kg)Career informationHigh school Garfield(Seattle, Washington) Federal Way(Federal Way, Washington) College Cincinnati (2020–2021) LSU (2021–2022) NBA draft2022: 1st round, 17th o...

Statue of Max Planck

Statue in Berlin, Germany Statue of Max PlanckThe statue in 2010ArtistBernhard HeiligerSubjectMax PlanckLocationBerlin, GermanyCoordinates52°31′04″N 13°23′37″E / 52.51775°N 13.39349°E / 52.51775; 13.39349 The statue of Max Planck by Bernhard Heiliger at Humboldt University of Berlin in Berlin-Mitte, Germany.[1] References ^ Berlin - Max Planck. Vanderkrogt.net. 2013-08-09. Retrieved 2016-05-20. External links Media related to Statue of Max Planck (B...

 

Universitas Internasional Batam

Artikel ini perlu dikembangkan agar dapat memenuhi kriteria sebagai entri Wikipedia.Bantulah untuk mengembangkan artikel ini. Jika tidak dikembangkan, artikel ini akan dihapus.Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi yang layak. Tulisan tanpa sumber dapat dipertanyakan dan dihapus sewaktu-waktu.Cari sumber: Universitas Internasional Batam – berita · su...

 

Hyperbolus

Athenian politician (died 412/411 BC) Ostracon against Hyperbolus (c. 417 BC). Hyperbolus (Greek: Ὑπέρβολος, Hyperbolos; died 412/411 BC) was an Athenian politician active during the first half of the Peloponnesian war, coming to particular prominence after the death of Cleon. In 416 or 415 BC he was the last Athenian to be ostracised. Life A fragment of a document by 4th-century BC Greek historian Theopompus suggests that Hyperbolus was the son of Chremes, but surviving ostraka pro...

András Schiff

Hungarian-born British pianist The native form of this personal name is Schiff András. This article uses Western name order when mentioning individuals. SirAndrás SchiffSchiff in Leipzig, 2016Born (1953-12-21) 21 December 1953 (age 69)Budapest, HungarySpouseYūko ShiokawaMusical careerGenresClassicalOccupation(s)PianistconductorLabelsECM RecordsDecca Classics Musical artist Sir András Schiff (Hungarian: [ˈɒndraːʃ ˈʃiff]; born 21 December 1953) is a Hungarian-born Bri...

 

Kushk Complex

Iranian national heritage siteKushk ComplexReligionAffiliationIslamProvinceSouth Khorasan ProvinceLocationLocation Ferdows County, IranArchitectureTypeMosque, Bathroom, Ab anbarCompletedAlmost 1000The complex consists of a mosque, a Bathroom and an Ab anbar. Kushk Mosque is the oldest mosque in South Khorasan Province, and based on the evidence of its existing architecture, its original structure dates back to the early centuries of Islam.[1][2] Sources ^ Encyclopaedia of the ...

 

York Cliffs Historic District

Historic district in Maine, United States United States historic placeYork Cliffs Historic DistrictU.S. National Register of Historic PlacesU.S. Historic district Bird's-eye view c. 1906Show map of MaineShow map of the United StatesLocationAgamenticus Avenue, York, MaineCoordinates43°11′31″N 70°35′56″W / 43.19194°N 70.59889°W / 43.19194; -70.59889Area95 acres (38 ha)Built1892ArchitectGoodwin, EverettArchitectural styleQueen Anne, Shingle StyleNRHP...

Bago (perahu)

Sebuah model dari bago. Bago adalah perahu tradisional suku Mandar dari Sulawesi, Indonesia. Lambungnya menggunakan jenis pajala, berbobot ringan, dengan displacement (perpindahan) yang dangkal. Ia memanjang dengan tiang yang tingginya hanya 1/4 panjangnya. Ia dapat dengan mudah diidentifikasi sebagai perahu Mandar dengan gaya pendukung kemudinya. Bago yang lebih kecil biasanya digunakan sebagai perahu penangkap ikan untuk menebar jaring, orang Mandar lebih suka menggunakan perahu ini daripad...

 

Municipalities of Colombia

Decentralized subdivisions of the Republic of Colombia Municipalities of Colombia The municipalities of Colombia are decentralized subdivisions of the Republic of Colombia. Municipalities make up most of the departments of Colombia with 1,122 municipalities (municipios). Each one of them is led by a mayor (alcalde) elected by popular vote and represents the maximum executive government official at a municipality level under the mandate of the governor of their department which is a representa...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!