Faenza

Faenza
by
Klokketåret til St. Maria-kyrkja i Faenza
Land  Italia
Region Emilia-Romagna
Provins Ravenna
Del av Provinsen Ravenna
Areal 215,76 km²
Folketal 58 710  (1. januar 2023)
Borgarmeister Claudio Casadio
Postnummer 48018
Retningsnummer 0546
Kart
Faenza
44°17′08″N 11°53′00″E / 44.285555555556°N 11.883333333333°E / 44.285555555556; 11.883333333333
Wikimedia Commons: Faenza

Faenza er ein by i provinsen Ravenna i regionen Emilia-Romagna i Italia. Han har om lag 55 000 innbyggjarar og ligg 50 km søraust for Bologna.

Faenza er kjend for produksjon av majolikaglasert keramikk, kalla fajanse.

Faenza ligg ved foten av Appenninane i eit jordbruksland med vingardar og oppdyrka mark.

Historie

Dei første innbyggjarane i området hadde etruskiske og keltiske røter. Romarane oppretta kolonien Faventia her, som har vorte synonym for keramikk (majolika) på forskjellige språk. På andre halvdel av det 1. hundreåret evt. førte jordbruk og industrielle aktivitetar som produksjon av keramikk, murstein og lin velstand i byen.

Totila og ein austgotisk hær slo den austromersk hæren i Italia i slaget ved Faventia i 542.

Etter ein periode med nedgang frå 100-talet til tidleg i mellomalderen vart det velstand frå 700-talet og utover. Frå rundt år 1000 og utover vart det bygd mange flotte bygg, og byen nådde ein topp under styret til Manfredi-familien. I krigen mellom Welf og Ghibellini var først Faenza lojal til keisaren, men i 1178 skifta han side då han vart medlem av Det lombardiske forbundet. På byrjinga av 1300-talet tok Welf-familien Manfredi over styret i Faneza og dette varte i nesten to hundre år. Gullalderen til byen kom under Carlo II Manfredi og sentrum av byen vart renovert. I 1488 vart Galeotto Manfredi myrda av kona si og sonen Astorre III tok over etter han. Han vart så avretta i Roma som fange av Cesare Borgia, som hadde tatt han til fange i Faenza i 1501.

Etter ein kort periode under Republikken Venezia vart byen ein del av Kyrkjestaten fram til 1797Napoleon invaderte landet.

Kjelder

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