Рамнина (математика)

Пресек на две рамнини во тридимензионален простор

Во математиката под поимот рамнина се подразбираат повеќе работи. Најчестиот е оној најинтуитивниот: рамнината претставува рамна, бесконечна, дводимензионална површина која е дел од тридимензионалниот простор. Поимот рамна може да се сфати интуитивно, но и коректно математички, ако се толкува како нула закривеност.

Општо, нека во тридимензионалниот (Евклидов) простор е воведен координатен систем. Ако рамнина минува низ координатниот почеток, тогаш таа претставува дводимензионален потпростор од тридимензионалниот простор. Рамнините кои не минуваат низ координатниот почеток може да се добијат со транслација на овие потпростори и без губење на општоста да се разгледуваат како такви.

Во случајот на Евклидови простори со повисока димензија од три, се воведува концептот на k-рамнина. Така, на пример, во тридимензионален Евклидов простор имаме 1-рамнини и 2-рамнини кои во суштина се правите и „обичните“ рамнини соодветно. Правата е еднодимензионален потпростор, па затоа е 1-рамнина, додека „обичната“ рамнина е дводимензионален потпростор, па затоа е 2-рамнина. Од друга страна, ако просторот е со четири димензии, тогаш целиот тридимензионален простор (а такви може да има повеќе) во однос на основиот простор би претставувал само 3-рамнина.

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