65 Kibele

Kibele
Kibele redzama attēla labajā apakšējā stūrī
Atklāšana un nosaukšana
Atklājējs/i Ernsts Tempels
Atklāšanas datums 1861. gada 8. martā
Apzīmējumi
Mazās planētas apzīmējums (65) Cybele
Citi nosaukumi [1] 1949 YQ
Mazo planētu kategorija Asteroīdu josla
Orbitālie parametri
Epoha 2014. gada 9. decembrī (JD 2457000.5) [1]
Afēlijs 3,808 AU [1]
Perihēlijs 3,0489181 AU [1]
Lielā pusass (rādiuss) 3,4283111 AU [1]
Ekscentricitāte 0,1106647 [1]
Apriņķojuma periods 6,35 a [1]
Slīpums 3,56248 °[1]
Uzlecošā mezgla garums 155,63822 °[1]
Pericentra arguments 102,36365 °[1]
Fiziskie raksturlielumi
Dimensijas ~ 237,26 km [2]
Ģeometriskais albedo 0,0706[2]
Asteroīdu spektru tipi P
Redzamais spožums 12,94 [3]
Absolūtais spožums 6,62 H [1]

Kibele, arī 65 Kibele ir asteroīds ar diametru apmēram 237 km. Objekts atrodas asteroīdu joslas ārmalā, pieder P tipa asteroīdiem.

Asteroīdu atklāja 1861. gada 8. martā vācu astronoms Ernsts Tempels Marseļas observatorijā. Tas bija otrais viņa atklātais asteroīds (kopā 5). Nosaukuma piešķiršana asteroīdam nebija vienkārša. E.Tempels piešķīra tiesības nosaukt asteroīdu vācu zinātniekam Karlam Šteinheilam (Carl Steinheil), kurš to nodēvēja par Maximiliana, godinot Bavārijas kūrfirstu Maksimiliānu II Emanuelu. Tomēr, tajā laikā asteroīdiem bija pieņemts piešķirt vārdus, saistītus ar sengrieķu mitoloģiju, tāpēc daudzi astronomi iebilda izvēlētajam vārdam un tas tika nomainīts, nosaucot objektu frīģiešu dievietes Kibeles vārdā. Kibele grieķu mitoloģijā ir kalnu un zvēru pavēlniece, kas regulē to neizsīkstošo auglību.[4]

Orbīta un fiziskie parametri

1979. gada 17. oktobrī trijās PSRS observatorijās tika veikta zvaigznes aizklāšanās novērošana, kad Kibele aizklāja zvaigzni AGK3 +19 599. Tika konstatēts, ka asteroīdam ir neregulāra forma, tā diametrs ap 245 km. Pētījumu dati rādīja, ka asteroīdam, iespējams, ir arī 11 km liels pavadonis.[5] 1983. gadā IRAS orbitālā observatorija noteica Kibeles diametru ap 237 km. 2003. gadā vācu un beļģu zinātnieki veica pētījumu, izmantojot termofizisko modelēšanu, noteiktie Kibeles izmēri 302 x 290 x 232 km.[6]

Asteroīda virsma ir tumša, klāta ar oglekļa savienojumiem. Spektra izpēte parāda, ka uz Kibeles, iespējams, atrodas ūdens ledus.[7] Kibelei pastāv 1:2 orbitālā rezonanse ar Jupiteru. Kibeles vārdā nosaukta Kibeles tipa asteroīdu grupa. Šīs grupas asteroīdi senatnē radušies no viena kopīga objekta, tam izjūkot trieciena rezultātā.[8] Grupas lielākais objekts ir 87 Silvija.

Atsauces

  1. ↑ 1,00 1,01 1,02 1,03 1,04 1,05 1,06 1,07 1,08 1,09 (65) Cybele = 1949 YQ
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 65 Cybele
  3. ↑ (65) Cybele
  4. ↑ Mitoloģijas vārdnīca, Avots, 2004, ISBN 9984-757-36-6
  5. ↑ IAUC3439
  6. ↑ 65 Cybele in the thermal infrared: Multiple observations and thermophysical analysis
  7. ↑ Asteroid 65 Cybele: Detection Of Small Silicate Grains, Water-Ice And Organics
  8. ↑ Asteroids, Meteorites, and Comets By Linda T. Elkins-Tanton

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