Humbolto srovė

Humbolto srovė arba Peru srovė – šaltoji jūrų srovė Ramiajame vandenyne.[1] Driekiasi palei vakarinį Pietų Amerikos krantą, nuo pietų Čilės iki pusiaujo. Srovės greitis 0,9 km/h, debitas 15-20 mln. m³/s. Būdinga temperatūra 15-20 °C. Srovė užsibaigia ties 4° p.pl. susilieja su Pietų Pasatų srove.

Ši srovė daro milžinišką įtaką Pietų Amerikos vakarų klimatui: pakrantėje vyrauja labai sausas klimatas, plyti dykumos (jų tarpe sausiausia pasaulyje Atakamos dykuma), prie jūros dažnai formuojasi tirštas rūkas.

Dėl didelio deguonies kiekio srovės vandenyje, joje veisiasi gausybė žuvies, dėl to Čilė su Peru sugauna apie 18-20 % pasaulio žuvies produkcijos.

El Ninjo reiškinio metu Humbolto srovė susilpnėja ir visiškai sustoja.

Srovė pavadinta vokiečių mokslininko Aleksandro fon Humbolto garbei.

Šaltiniai

  1. ↑ Peru srovė, Humboldto srovė (Humbolto srovė)). Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija, T. VII (Gorkai-Imermanas). – Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos institutas, 2005. 692 psl.

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