Nitrojen
Elven gemyk ew nitrojen, niver 7 e'n Vosen Beriodek. Y arwodh gemyk ew N. An hanow a dheu dhort an geryow Greka nitron ha genes, ow styrya furvya solpyter. Aswo
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 | |
| Ensampel a |
Elven gymyk, atmophile element  |
|---|---|
| Klass |
dialkan diatomek, dialkan |
| Dydhyas diskudhans |
1772 |
| Niver atomek |
7 |
| Aray an elektrons |
1s² 2s² 2p³, [He] 2s² 2p³ |
| Elektronegedhegedh |
3 |
| Studh oksidyans |
−3, −2, −1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 |
| Rann a |
period 2, bagas 15, hexazine |
 Restrennow kelmys war Gemmyn Wikimedia | |
Elven gemyk ew nitrojen, niver 7 e'n Vosen Beriodek. Y arwodh gemyk ew N. An hanow a dheu dhort an geryow Greka nitron ha genes, ow styrya furvya solpyter. Aswonnys o nitrojen avel choke-damp en Sowsnek e'n dalleth. Hanow ammonya, an gass NH3, a dheu dhort duw Ejyp koth, Ammon, awos bos ammoniom klorid (sal ammoniac, po holan Ammon) kevys en ogas dhe'y dempel.
Gass nitrojen ew 78% a ayr. Essensek ew dhe vewnans. Radn a DNA ha meur a volekulednow posek bewoniethel ew, avel hemoglobin ha trenkednow amino. Nag ew nitrojen gwenonek, bes pur wenonek ew nebes kestoffow nitrojen, avel nitrojen dioksid (NO2), hidrojen cyanid (HCN), hag ammonya (NH3).
Usys ew nitrojen linyel rag rewi goos ha gul leuvvedhegneth kryogenik.
Polter godn ew kemyskans a lowbredn (karbon), sulfur ha solpyter (potassiom nitrat). Diskudhys veu nitroglycerin en 1846. E'n gwettha prys, ansad o. Ena, diskudhys veu dynamit gen Alfred Nobel en 1867 ort y sugna war kieselguhr. Diskudhys veu an treja kesstoff tardhadow a nitrojen, TNT, en 1863.
Enysyes veu nitrojen rag an kensa pres gen Daniel Rutherford (1749-1819) en Karedin en 1772. Askorrys ew 45 milvil tonnas a nitrojen dhort an ayr pub bledhen dre dhistyllans radnrivek (fractional distillation). Usys ew en teyr for:
[1] avel ayrgylgh difysk (inert), hebm ew dhe synji oksyjen dhort daffar ha kesstoffow, rag ensampel avalow a wra synji en yeyner diw vledhen en ayrgylgh heb oksijen.
[2] dhe yeynhe, poynt bryjyon nitrojen ew -196°C.
[3] avel pednfenten dhe'n diwysyans kemyk, ema kansow a gesstoffow hag a dhalleth avel gass nitrojen, ha gorfedna avel boos, treven, dillas, kerri ha medhegneth. Diwysyans a wra usya an argerdh Haber dhe dreylya nitrojen dhe ammonya ort y dobmhe gen katalydh en-dadn waskedh. Fritz Haber a waynyas an Pewas Nobel rag Kemyk en 1918 awos an diskudhyans ma.
Poos atomek nitrojen ew 14.01, y boynt teudhi ew -210°C ha'n poynt bryjyon ew -196°C. Y dhosedh ew 1.25 gramm an liter. Gass diliw, anvlasus didhasoberek ew.
Mirva
-
Ammon po Amun, duw Ejyptek -
Dynamit -
Kryo-leuvvedhegneth -
Alfred Nobel -
Daniel Rutherford -
Fritz Haber -
Gweythva askorra nitrojen
Ma an erthygel ma usya an Furv Skrifys Savonek a-barth Kernowek diwedhes.
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