청주 (술)

청주
백화수복 청주

청주(淸酒, Cheongju)는 곡식으로 만드는 한국의 전통주로, 곡식 가루를 뭉쳐 곰팡이와 효모를 번식시킨 누룩으로 쌀을 당화 발효시켜 만든다. 맑은술(clear wine) 또는 징주(澄酒)라고도 한다. 쌀알갱이와 쌀가루가 섞여 있는 발효 직후의 원주를 정제하여 맑은 부분만 떠낸 것이며, 탁한 상태 그대로 마시는 것은 탁주(濁酒)라고 한다. 참고로, 막걸리는 탁주의 일종이며 동동주는 청주에 속하는 술이다. 약주나 약술로 불리기도 하는데 이는 조선시대 금주령이 내려지자 특권층들이 약제로 위장하여 마셨기 때문으로 추측된다. 한국의 청주와 일본의 청주(사케)는 유사하나 사용되는 누룩과 미생물, 제조법에 차이가 있다. 알코올 도수는 보통 13 ~ 16도 정도이다.

명칭

전통적으로 한국에서는 곡식 원료의 맑은 발효주를 모두 '청주'라고 불러 왔으나, 현행 한국의 주세제도는 전통적인 명명과 차이가 있다. 현행 한국의 주세법에서는 당화제로 쌀입국을 사용하면 '청주'로, 밀누룩을 사용하면 '약주'로 분류된다. 이 분류체계는 전통주의 명칭에 대한 이해 없이 일제 통감부와 총독부의 분류법을 그대로 가져온 것이라는 비판이 있다.[1]

역사

삼국사기 기록에 의하면 1500년 전부터 청주를 빚어 마셨다고 한다. 일본 고사기 기록에 따르면 백제인이 누룩으로 술 빚는 것을 전하였다는 기록이 있다. 고려도경에도 청주와 탁주에 관한 내용이 나온다.

조선시대에는 일반 가정에서도 빚어 마셨으나, 일제강점기의 주세정책으로 인해 자가소비가 불가능해졌다. 제3공화국 때는 주세법의 개정으로 쌀을 사용한 주조가 금지되어 명맥이 끊겼다가 1970년대 말부터 민속주를 포함한 일반주류의 신규제조면허가 허가되면서 다시 이어지고 있다.[2]

같이 보기

각주

외부 링크

Read other articles:

Gobierno Revolucionario de la Fuerza Armada Discurso de miembros del régimen militar, en la parte superior imágenes de un obrero (izquierda), un campesino indígena (derecha) y Túpac Amaru II (centro).Contexto del acontecimientoFecha 1968-1980Sitio  PerúImpulsores Junta Militar Peruana de 1968-1980Motivos Grave desigualdad social. Aspiración de un gobierno nacionalista. Abolir régimen de servidumbre indígena.Influencias ideológicas de los impulsores DesarrollismoSocialismo autoge...

 

Tionghoa PadangChina PadangKelenteng See Hien Kiong.Jumlah populasi9.498 (Sensus 2010)[1]±12.000 (2016)[2]Daerah dengan populasi signifikanKecamatan Padang SelatanBahasaBahasa Minang PondokAgamaAgama tradisional Tionghoa, Kristen, Islam Tionghoa Padang atau China Padang adalah masyarakat keturunan Tionghoa yang tinggal di Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia. Tionghoa Padang merupakan salah satu dari berbagai etnis yang menghuni Padang selain orang Minangkabau, Jawa, Batak,...

 

Метсовоне (грец. Μετσοβόνε) — традиційний грецький сир. Метсовоне — напівтвердий копчений сир, родини паста-філата, який первісно почав вироблятись у регіоні Метсово в Епірі, звідки походить назва сиру. Метсовоне вважається сиром відмінної якості. Виготовляється і...

United States artist This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Paul Landacre – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Paul Hambleton Landacre (July 9, 1893, Columbus, Ohio - June 3, 1963, Los Angeles, California) was an American arti...

 

Griechenland Kapitän George Kalovelonis Aktuelles ITF-Ranking 58 Statistik Erste Teilnahme 1927 Davis-Cup-Teilnahmen 71 davon in Weltgruppe 1 Bestes Ergebnis Europe/Afrika-Gruppenzone I2R (2002) Ewige Bilanz 71:78 Erfolgreichste Spieler Meiste Siege gesamt Konstantinos Economidis (44) Meiste Einzelsiege Konstantinos Economidis (26) Meiste Doppelsiege Konstantinos Economidis (18) Bestes Doppel Konstantinos Economidis /Anastasios Vasiliadis (6) Meiste Teilnahmen Konstantinos Economidis (37) Me...

 

Bahasa Surjapuri सुरजापुरी, সুরজাপুরী Sura, Deshi Bhasa 'Surjapuri' dalam aksara Bengali & DevanagariDituturkan diIndia, Nepal, BangladeshWilayahBihar, Bengal BaratPenutur2,256,228 (2011 census)[1]Rumpun bahasaIndo-Eropa Indo-IranIndo-AryaTimurBengali–AssamSurjapuri Sistem penulisanDevanagari, BengaliKode bahasaISO 639-3sjpGlottologsurj1235[2]  Portal BahasaSunting kotak info • L • B • PWBantuan peng...

Sonargaon (Bangla: সোনারগাঁও) adalah ibu kota kuno kerajaan Isa Khan di Benggala. Sonargaon terletak di dekat kota Narayanganj, Bangladesh. Pengelana Muslim Ibnu Battuta mengunjungi tempat ini pada abad ke-14. Tempat bersejarah Reruntuhan Sonargaon Reruntuhan Sonargaon `Lok Shilpa Jadughar' adalah bagian dari ibu kota Isa Khan. Panam City adalah pusat penduduk menengah ke atas pada Sonargaon abad ke-19. Pedagang pakaian khas agama Hindu banyak hidup di sini. Masjid Musa Khan...

 

Gemeinde Uithoorn Flagge Wappen Provinz  Noord-Holland Bürgermeister Pieter Heiliegers (VVD)[1] Sitz der Gemeinde Uithoorn Fläche – Land – Wasser 19,42 km218,22 km21,2 km2 CBS-Code 0451 Einwohner 31.436 (1. Jan. 2023[2]) Bevölkerungsdichte 1619 Einwohner/km2 Koordinaten 52° 15′ N, 4° 50′ O52.2422222222224.825Koordinaten: 52° 15′ N, 4° 50′ O Bedeutender Verkehrsweg Vorwahl 0297 Postlei...

 

Italian motorcycle racer This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Loris Capirossi – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template mes...

Japanese manga series and video game Between the Sky and SeaKey visualソラとウミのアイダ(Sora to Umi no Aida) GameDeveloperForwardWorksPublisherForwardWorksPlatformAndroid, iOSReleasedJP: September 28, 2017 MangaWritten byOji HiroiForwardWorksIllustrated byBekkouricoPublished byASCII Media WorksMagazineDengeki DaiohDemographicShōnenOriginal runSeptember 27, 2017 – November 27, 2018Volumes2 Anime television seriesDirected byAtsushi NigorikawaWritten byTakas...

 

Politics of Denmark Constitution Fundamental laws Act of Succession Freedom of Speech Freedom of the Press The Crown Monarch Queen Margrethe II Crown Prince Frederik Royal family Privy Council Purveyors to the Royal Court The unity of the Realm Denmark proper Faroe Islands Greenland Executive Government Frederiksen II Prime Minister (list) Mette Frederiksen Government Offices Ministries High Commissioners Faroe Islands Greenland Legislature Folketinget (parliament) Speaker: Søren Gade Member...

 

r

Ten artykuł dotyczy litery alfabetu łacińskiego. Zobacz też: R jako skrót lub oznaczenie. R r Ten artykuł od 2021-03 wymaga zweryfikowania podanych informacji.Należy podać wiarygodne źródła, najlepiej w formie przypisów bibliograficznych.Część lub nawet wszystkie informacje w artykule mogą być nieprawdziwe. Jako pozbawione źródeł mogą zostać zakwestionowane i usunięte.Sprawdź w źródłach: Encyklopedia PWN • Google Books • Google Scholar...

Railway station in Punjab This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (February 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) This article relies largely...

 

Roman Catholic ecclesiastical text traditionally attributed to Pope Gelasius I Part of a series on theCanon law of theCatholic Church Ius vigens (current law) 1983 Code of Canon Law Omnium in mentem Magnum principium Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches Ad tuendam fidem Ex corde Ecclesiae Indulgentiarum Doctrina Praedicate evangelium Veritatis gaudium Custom Matrimonial nullity trial reforms of Pope Francis Documents of the Second Vatican Council Christus Dominus Lumen gentium Optatam totiu...

 

Fijian rugby union player Rugby playerBenito MasilevuBirth nameBenito EremasilevuDate of birth (1989-10-07) 7 October 1989 (age 34)Place of birthSavusavuHeight1.70 m (5 ft 7 in)Weight83 kg (13 st 1 lb; 183 lb)SchoolMarist Brothers High SchoolRugby union careerPosition(s) WingSenior careerYears Team Apps (Points)2014-18 2018- Brive Agen 72 4 (85) (5) Correct as of 1 June 2015International careerYears Team Apps (Points)2015-  Fiji 10 (0) Correct...

Indian Politician (1923–1987) Chaudhary Rahim Khanचौधरी रहीम खांOfficial portrait, 1984Member of Parliament, Lok SabhaIn office31 December 1984 – 18 December 1987Preceded byTayyab HusainSucceeded byKhurshid AhmedConstituencyFaridabadCabinet Minister,Government of HaryanaMinistryTermMinister of Power and Irrigation, Waqf, and Fisheries23 May 1982 – 31 December 1984Bhajan Lal ministryMinister of State for Technical Education, and Waqf24 March 1967 – 2 No...

 

Bandar Udara Internasional Cincinnati/Kentucky UtaraIATA: CVGICAO: KCVGFAA LID: CVGWMO: 72421InformasiJenisPublikPemilik/PengelolaDewan Bandara Kenton CountyMelayaniCincinnati RayaLokasi2939 Terminal DriveHebron, Kentucky, Amerika Serikat.Dibuka10 Januari 1947; 76 tahun lalu (1947-01-10)[1]Maskapai penghubungAmazon AirDHL AviationPolar Air CargoMaskapai utamaAllegiant AirKetinggian dpl273 mdplKoordinat39°02′56″N 084°40′04″W / 39.04889°N 84.667...

 

Hungarian general The native form of this personal name is Török Ignác. This article uses Western name order when mentioning individuals. Ignác Török Ignác Török (23 June 1795 in Gödöllő – 6 October 1849 in Arad) was a honvéd general in the Hungarian Army. He was executed for his part in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, and is considered one of the 13 Martyrs of Arad.[1] Family He was born to a minor Hungarian noble family with some significant, although not very l...

Italian monitor Faà di Bruno Class overview Built1916–1917 In commission1917–1924 Completed1 Scrapped1 History Kingdom of Italy NameFaà di Bruno NamesakeEmilio Faà di Bruno BuilderVenetian Arsenal Laid down10 October 1915 Launched30 January 1916 Commissioned1 April 1917 RenamedGM 194, 1939 Stricken13 November 1924 Reinstated1939 FateScrapped, 1945–1946 General characteristics TypeMonitor Displacement2,854 long tons (2,900 t) (standard) Length55.56 m (182 ft 3 in) ...

 

Философия индуизмаШколы Санкхья Йога Ньяя Вайшешика Миманса Веданта Адвайта Вишишта-адвайта Двайта Ачинтья-бхеда-абхеда Философы и мыслители Древние Вальмики Капила Патанджали Гаутама Канада Джаймини Вьяса Маркандея Яджнавалкья Гимнософисты Средневековые Шанкара Р...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!