산화 철(III)

산화 철(III)
Iron(III) oxide
Haematite unit cell
Sample of iron(III) oxide
Pourbaix Diagram of aqueous Iron
이름
IUPAC 이름
Iron(III) oxide
별칭
ferric oxide, hematite, ferric iron, red iron oxide, rouge, maghemite, colcothar, iron sesquioxide, rust, ochre
식별자
3D 모델 (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.013.790
EC 번호
  • 215-168-2
E 번호 E172(ii) (착색제)
11092
KEGG
RTECS 번호
  • NO7400000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/2Fe.3O 예[inchi]
    Key: JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 예[inchi]
  • InChI=1/2Fe.3O/rFe2O3/c3-1-4-2(3)5-1
    Key: JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-ZVGCCQCPAC
  • O1[Fe]2O[Fe]1O2
성질
Fe2O3
몰 질량 159.687 g·mol−1
겉보기 Red-brown solid
냄새 Odorless
밀도 5.25 g/cm3[1]
녹는점 1,539 °C (2,802 °F; 1,812 K)[1]
decomposes
105 °C (221 °F; 378 K)
β-dihydrate, decomposes
150 °C (302 °F; 423 K)
β-monohydrate, decomposes
50 °C (122 °F; 323 K)
α-dihydrate, decomposes
92 °C (198 °F; 365 K)
α-monohydrate, decomposes[2]
Insoluble
용해도 Soluble in diluted acids,[1] sugar solution
Trihydrate slightly soluble in aq. tartaric acid, citric acid, CH3COOH[2]
+3586.0·10−6 cm3/mol
n1=2.91, n2=3.19 (α, hematite)[3]
구조
Rhombohedral, hR30 (α-form)[4]
Cubic bixbyite, cI80 (β-form)
Cubic spinel (γ-form)
Orthorhombic (ε-form)[5]
R3c, No. 161 (α-form)[4]
Ia3, No. 206 (β-form)
Pna21, No. 33 (ε-form)[5]
3m (α-form)[4]
2/m 3 (β-form)
mm2 (ε-form)[5]
Octahedral (Fe3+, α-form, β-form)[4]
열화학[6]
103.9 J/mol·K[6]
87.4 J/mol·K[6]
−824.2 kJ/mol[6]
−742.2 kJ/mol[6]
위험
GHS 그림문자 GHS07: Harmful[7]
신호어 경고
H315, H319, H335[7]
P261, P305+351+338[7]
NFPA 704 (파이어 다이아몬드)
5 mg/m3[1] (TWA)
반수 치사량 또는 반수 치사농도 (LD, LC):
10 g/kg (rats, oral)[9]
NIOSH (미국 건강 노출 한계):
PEL (허용)
TWA 10 mg/m3[8]
REL (권장)
TWA 5 mg/m3[8]
IDLH (직접적 위험)
2500 mg/m3[8]
관련 화합물
다른 음이온
Iron(III) fluoride
다른 양이온
Manganese(III) oxide
Cobalt(III) oxide
Iron(II) oxide
Iron(II,III) oxide
달리 명시된 경우를 제외하면, 표준상태(25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa)에서 물질의 정보가 제공됨.
아니오아니오 확인 (관련 정보 예아니오아니오 ?)

산화 철(III) (Iron(III) oxide, ferric oxide) 또는 삼산화이철(3산화2철) 또는 산화제이철[10](산화제2철)은 산화 철의 일종으로, 화학식은 Fe2O3이다.

구조

알파상

알파상(alpha phase)

적철석

천연으로는 적철석(赤鐵石)으로서 널리 산출되며, 적색토양의 빛깔의 요인이다. 적갈색 분말로, 비중 4.5∼5.2, 녹는점 1,550℃, 흡유량(吸油量) 22∼75 %이다. 햇빛 ·공기 ·수분 ·열 등에 대하여 상당히 안정하며, 한번 가열한 것은 잘 녹지 않는다. 자성을 보인다. 철을 공기 속에서 가열하면 안 생긴다.

감마상

감마상(gamma phase)

기타 고체상

베타 단계(beta phase, β-phase)

엡실론 단계(epsilon (ε) phase)

액체상

수화철(III) 산화물

반응

제조

예전에는 황산철[綠礬]을 구워서 만들었으나, 최근에는 철강공업이나 도금공업의 폐액(廢液)에서 생긴 황산철을 원료로 하여 만든다. 제조법에 따라 적색인 것에서 황색 ·갈색 ·자색 ·흑색 등을 띠는데, 빛깔이 다른 원인으로서는 입자의 크기, 혼입물의 종류, 결정격자(結晶格子)의 완전성 등을 들 수 있다.

용도

공업적으로는 벵갈라라는 적색 안료(顔料)로서, 또 유리 ·귀금속 ·다이아몬드의 연마재(硏磨材)로서 사용된다. 순도가 높은 것은 반도체로 사용되고, 또 마그넷 ·자기(磁氣)테이프의 원료로도 쓰인다.[11]

철강산업

보석 및 렌즈 세공

그림 물감

자기 녹음

광촉매 작용

제약

같이 보기

각주

  1. Haynes, p. 4.69
  2. Comey, Arthur Messinger; Hahn, Dorothy A. (February 1921). 《A Dictionary of Chemical Solubilities: Inorganic》 2판. New York: The MacMillan Company. 433쪽. 
  3. Haynes, p. 4.141
  4. Ling, Yichuan; Wheeler, Damon A.; Zhang, Jin Zhong; Li, Yat (2013). Zhai, Tianyou; Yao, Jiannian, 편집. 《One-Dimensional Nanostructures: Principles and Applications》. 《John Wiley & Sons, Inc.》 (Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.). 167쪽. ISBN 978-1-118-07191-5. 
  5. Vujtek, Milan; Zboril, Radek; Kubinek, Roman; Mashlan, Miroslav. “Ultrafine Particles of Iron(III) Oxides by View of AFM – Novel Route for Study of Polymorphism in Nano-world” (PDF). 《Univerzity Palackého》. Czech. 2014년 7월 12일에 확인함. 
  6. Haynes, p. 5.12
  7. Sigma-Aldrich Co. Retrieved on 2014-07-12.
  8. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. “#0344”. 미국 국립 직업안전위생연구소 (NIOSH). 
  9. “SDS of Iron(III) oxide” (PDF). 《KJLC》. England: Kurt J Lesker Company Ltd. 2012년 1월 5일. 2014년 7월 12일에 확인함. 
  10. 한국물리학회 물리학용어집 https://www.kps.or.kr/content/voca/search.php?et=en&find_kw=ferric+oxide
  11. “[네이버 지식백과] 산화철 [iron oxide, 酸化鐵] (두산백과)”. 

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