포핏 밸브

밸브 스프링, 밸브 스템 콜렛 및 오일 씰이 포함된 포핏 밸브

포핏 밸브(poppet valve) 또는 머시룸 밸브(mushroom valve)[1]는 일반적으로 엔진 안팎으로 휘발유(가스) 또는 증기 흐름의 타이밍과 양을 제어하는 데 사용되는 밸브이지만 다른 많은 응용 분야에서도 사용된다.

일반적으로 단면이 원형 또는 타원형인 구멍 또는 끝이 열린 챔버와 일반적으로 밸브 스템으로 알려진 샤프트 끝에 있는 디스크 모양의 플러그로 구성된다. 이 플러그의 작동 끝인 밸브 면은 일반적으로 45° 베벨로 연마되어 밀봉되는 챔버의 테두리에 접지된 해당 밸브 시트에 대해 밀봉된다. 샤프트는 정렬을 유지하기 위해 밸브 가이드를 통해 이동한다.

밸브 양쪽의 압력 차이로 인해 밸브 성능이 향상되거나 손상될 수 있다. 배기 응용 분야에서는 밸브에 대한 높은 압력이 밸브를 밀봉하는 데 도움이 되고 흡기 응용 분야에서는 낮은 압력이 밸브를 여는 데 도움이 된다.

포핏 밸브는 1833년 뉴캐슬과 프렌치타운 철도(Newcastle and Frenchtown Railroad)의 아메리칸 E.A.G. 영에 의해 발명되었다. 영은 자신의 아이디어에 대해 특허를 받았지만 1836년 특허청 화재로 이에 대한 모든 기록이 파괴되었다.[2]

같이 보기

각주

  1. A.L. Dyke (1921), 《Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Encyclopedia》, St. Louis, A. L. Dyke, 2016년 6월 11일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서 
  2. White, John H. (1979). 《A History of the American Locomotive》. North Chelmsford, MA: Courier Corporation. 145쪽. 

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