실린더-헤드-섹터

하드 드라이브의 실린더, 헤드, 섹터.
하드 드라이브의 실린더, 헤드, 섹터.

실린더-헤드-섹터(Cylinder-head-sector, CHS)는 하드 디스크 드라이브에서 각각의 물리적 데이터 블록에 주소를 제공하는 초기 방식이다.

플로피 디스크를 제외하고, 현대의 기억 매체에 저장되는 데이터에 대해서 CHS 값은 더 이상 직접적인 물리적 관계는 없지만, 가상 CHS 값들은 여전히 수많은 유틸리티 프로그램와 파일 시스템에 사용되고 있다.

CHS → LBA 매핑

2002년에 ATA-6 사양이 선택적 48비트 논리 블록 주소 지정을 도입하면서 CHS 주소 지정을 권장하지 않는 것으로 선언하였지만, ATA-5 변환의 구현을 허용하였다.[1] 아래의 CHS→LBA 변환 공식은 마지막 ATA-5 CHS 변환과도 일치한다. ATA-5 사양에서 CHS 지원은 최대 16 514 064 섹터까지는 필수이며, 보다 더 큰 디스크에 대해서는 선택적이다. ATA-5 제한은 CHS 16383 16 63 및 동등한 디스크 용량 (16514064 = 16383×16×63 = 1032×254×63)과 일치하며, 24 = 14+4+6 비트(16383 + 1 = 214)가 필요하다.[2]

CHS 튜플은 다음의 공식을 사용하여 LBA 주소로 매핑할 수 있다:

A = (cNheads + h) ⋅ Nsectors + (s − 1),

여기에서 A는 LBA 주소, Nheads는 디스크의 헤드 수, Nsectors는 트랙 당 최대 섹터 수, (c, h, s)는 CHS 주소이다.

역사

실린더 헤드 레코드 포맷은 적어도 1960년대 이후로 IBM 메인프레임카운트 키 데이터(CKD) 하드 디스크에 사용되고 있다. 이것은 PC에 사용되는 실린더 헤드 섹터 포맷에 맞먹으며, 섹터 크기가 고정되어 있지 않았지만 각 응용 프로그램의 필요에 기반한 트랙에 따라 다양하다.

같이 보기

각주

  1. “ATA-6” (PDF). 《T13/1410D》. INCITS Technical Committee T13 ATA Storage Interface. 2002. 22쪽. 2011년 7월 28일에 원본 문서 (PDF)에서 보존된 문서. 2011년 7월 30일에 확인함. In standards ATA/ATAPI-5 and earlier, a CHS translation was defined. This translation is obsolete but may be implemented as defined in ATA/ATAPI-5. 
  2. “ATA-5” (PDF). 《T13/1321D》. INCITS Technical Committee T13 ATA Storage Interface. 2000. 19쪽. 2011년 7월 28일에 원본 문서 (PDF)에서 보존된 문서. 2011년 7월 30일에 확인함. If the device’s capacity is greater than or equal to one sector and less than or equal to 16,514,064 sectors, then the device shall support CHS translation. 

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