Джордж Вашингтон Карвер

Джордж Вашингтон Карвер
ағылш. George Washington Carver
Туған күні

1865 (1865)

Туған жері

Миссури, АҚШ

Қайтыс болған күні

5 ақпан 1943 (1943-02-05)

Қайтыс болған жері

Алабама, АҚШ

Ғылыми аясы

ботаника, микология, химия, педагогика

Шығармасы Уикиқайнарда.

Джордж Вашингтон Карвер (ағылш. George Washington Carver)[1][2][3][4] — америкалық биолог ғалым. XX ғасырдың бас кезінде америкалық фермерлердің көп бөлігі мақта өсірумен айналысатын болған. Дегенмен, әр түрлі жәндіктердің кесірінен мақта шаруашылығының құлдырау кезеңі жақындайды. Кедейліктің сорпасын қайнатқан фермерлерге көмектесу мақсатында Джордж Карвер мақтаның орнына жержаңғақ, соя және батат өнімдерін өсіруді үйретеді. Сондай-ақ, афро-американдық ғалым АҚШ-тың агромәдени орталықтарында астық өнімінің тапшы болғандығынан, қарапайым халыққа жержаңғақ пен бататтан жасалынатын тағамдардың сан түрін үйретуге бел буады. Осы ұмтылыстың барысында Карвер жержаңғақтан косметика, түрлі бояғыштар, пластик, биожанармай, линолеум, майонез, қағаз және резина жасауға қол жеткізеді. Сонымен қатар, Джордж динамиттің негізгі компоненті болатын нитроглицеринді де жаңғақтан алған екен.

Өмірінен қызықты деректер

  • Карвер құл болып дүниеге келген. Оның әке-шешесі 1855 жылы 700 АҚШ долларына сатылып кетеді.
  • Джордждың Туғанына бір аптаның көлеміндей болғанда италиялық басбұзарлар оның әпкесі мен шешесін бірге қоса ұрлап, қайта сатып жібереді.
  • Карвер жержаңғақтан жасалынатын 105 тағамның рецептін ұсынған.
  • 1941 жылы Time журналы Карверді «қара тәнді Леонардо» деп атаған.
  • 1943 жылы АҚШ президенті Рузвельт Джордж Карвердің ескерткішін орнатуға 30 мың АҚШ долларын бөледі. Бұл АҚШ территориясындағы афро-америкалықтың тұңғыш ескерткіші болатын.

Дереккөздер

  1. ↑ DNB, Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek: George Washington Carver
  2. ↑ George Washington Carver: Chemist, Teacher, Symbol Мұрағатталған 28 желтоқсанның 2007 жылы.
  3. ↑ George Washington Carver Мұрағатталған 12 ақпанның 2009 жылы.
  4. ↑ Peter D. Burchard, "George Washington Carver: For His Time and Ours," National Park Service: George Washington Carver National Monument. 2006.

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