Федеративті мемлекет

Федеративті мемлекет - заңдық тұрғыда белгілі дәрежеде саяси дербестігі бар жекелеген мемлекеттік құрылымдардан құралған күрделі одақтық мемлекет. Ұлттық-тілдік фактордың рөліне қарай федеративті мемлекет құрылымын былай анықтау қалыптасқан:

  1. территориялық негізде құрылған федеративті мемлекет (АҚШ, Австралия, Австрия, ГФР, Аргентина, Венессуэлла, Бразилия, Мексика);
  2. ұлттық негізде құрылған федеративті мемлекет (Үндістан, Бельгия, Нигерия, Пәкістан);
  3. аралас ұлттық-территориялық негізде құрылған федеративті мемлекет (Ресей, Канада, Швейцария). Федеративті мемлекетке тән, барлық федеративті мемлекеттер негізделген бес бастапқы принциптер: 1) федералды заңның жоғарылығы; 2) мемлекеттік құрылым негіздерінің бірыңғайлығы; 3) федерация аумағында адамдардың, тауар айналымының еркін қозғалысы; 4) федерация субъектісінің біржақты өз бетінше мәртебесін ауыстыруға тыйым салу; 5) мемлекеттік аумақтық тұтастыққа зиян тигізетін федерация субъектісінің бөлінуіне жол бермеу.[1]

Дереккөздер

  1. ↑ Саяси түсіндірме сөздік. – Алматы, 2007. ISBN 9965-32-491-3


Мақала бастамасы Бұл — мақаланың бастамасы.
Бұл мақаланы толықтырып, дамыту арқылы, Уикипедияға көмектесе аласыз.
Бұл ескертуді дәлдеп ауыстыру қажет.

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