Жыр

Жыр (көне түркі тілінде - иыр)

Поэзияның басқа өлшемдеріндегі өлең жолдары тұтаса келіп, шумақ құраса, Жыр тармақтары тирада түрінде шоғырланады. Тарихи генетикалық тұрғыдан тирада үлгісі шумақтан бұрын қалыптасқан. Демек Жыр өрнегі озге өлшемдерге қарағанда әлдеқайда ерте туған. Жырдағы тирада үлгісіндегі тармақ пен ұйқас мөлшері және олардың арақатынасы қатаң сақталмай, жиі өзгеріп, құбылып тұрады. Дәл осы қарапайым ерекшелікке көпке дейін ғылымының мән берілмегендіктен, Жырда басқа өлшемдегідей егіз, кезектес, шалыс ұйқас түрлері болады деп есептелініп келді, олардың жалпы саны 10-ға дейін жеткізілді. Мұндағы басты қателік тирада ішіндегі ырғақтық үзілістерді шумаққа теңгеруден туған еді. Кейінгі арнайы зерттеулер Жырдың тармағы мен ұйқасы тирада пішініне ғана тән заңдылықтарға негізделіп түзілетінін айқын дәлелдеп берді. Жырдың ұйқасы дара ұйқас (монорифма) және аралас ұйқас (полирифма) болып бөлінеді. Аралас ұйқас негізгі ұйқас пен қосымша ұйқастардан тұрады.[1]

Дереккөздер

  1. ↑ Қазақ әдебиеті. Энциклопедиялық анықтамалық. — Алматы: «Аруна Ltd.» ЖШС, 2010 жыл.ISBN 9965-26-096-6
Бұл мақала — қазақ әдебиеті туралы бастама мақала. Оны толықтырып, дамыту арқылы, Уикипедияға көмектесе аласыз.

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