ადრენალინი

ადრენალინი — ჰორმონი და წამალი, ასევე, ცნობილი როგორც ეპინეფრინი.[1][2] მონაწილეობს ვისცერული ფუნქციების რეგულირებაში (მაგ. სუნთქვა).[1][3] ადრენალინი ჩვეულებრივ წარმოიქმნება როგორც თირკმელზედა ჯირკვლების, ასევე მცირე რაოდენობის ნეირონების მიერ, მედულას მოგრძო ტვინში. მნიშვნელოვან როლს ასრულებს ბრძოლა ან გაქცევის რეაქციაში (კუნთებში სისხლის ნაკადის გაზრდით), გულის წუთობრივი მოცულობაში (გულის სინუსის კვანძზე მოქმედებით),[4] თვალის გუგის გაფართოების რეაქციასა და სისხლში შაქრის დონის ბალანსში.[5][6] ამას აკეთებს ალფა- და ბეტარეცეპტორებთან შეკავშირებით.[6][7][8] გვხვდება ბევრ ცხოველსა და ზოგიერთ ერთუჯრედიან ორგანიზმში. პოლონელმა ფიზიოლოგმა, ნაპოლეონ ციბულსკიმ ადრენალინი პირველად 1895 წელს გამოყო.[9]

სქოლიო

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lieberman, Michael; Marks, Allan; Peet, Alisa (2013) Marks' Basic Medical Biochemistry: A Clinical Approach, 4th, Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, გვ. 175. ISBN 9781608315727. 
  2. ↑ (-)-adrenaline (21 August 2015).
  3. ↑ (2009) „Chapter 6: Widely Projecting Systems: Monoamines, Acetylcholine, and Orexin“, Molecular Neuropharmacology: A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience, 2nd, New York, USA: McGraw-Hill Medical, გვ. 157. ISBN 9780071481274. „Epinephrine occurs in only a small number of central neurons, all located in the medulla. Epinephrine is involved in visceral functions, such as the control of respiration. It is also produced by the adrenal medulla.“ 
  4. ↑ Brown, H. F.; Difrancesco, D.; Noble, S. J. (July 1979). „How does adrenaline accelerate the heart?“. Nature (ინგლისური). 280 (5719): 235–236. Bibcode:1979Natur.280..235B. doi:10.1038/280235a0. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 450140. S2CID 4350616.
  5. ↑ Bell, David R. (2009) Medical physiology : principles for clinical medicine, 3rd, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, გვ. 312. ISBN 9780781768528. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Khurana (2008) Essentials of Medical Physiology. Elsevier India, გვ. 460. ISBN 9788131215661. 
  7. ↑ Buckley, Eleanor (2013) Venomous Animals and Their Venoms: Venomous Vertebrates. Elsevier, გვ. 478. ISBN 9781483262888. 
  8. ↑ (1997) Animal Physiology: Adaptation and Environment, 5th, Cambridge University Press, გვ. 510. ISBN 9781107268500. 
  9. ↑ Szablewski, Leszek (2011) Glucose Homeostasis and Insulin Resistance (en). Bentham Science Publishers, გვ. 68. ISBN 9781608051892. 

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