タカヘ山(タカヘさん、英語: Mount Takahe)は南極大陸のマリーバードランド、アムンゼン海の沿岸からおよそ200キロメートルの場所にある標高3,460メートルの雪と氷に覆われた楯状火山である。山体の幅はおよそ30キロメートルに及び、寄生火山と幅8キロメートルのカルデラも存在する。火山の表面の大部分は粗面岩の溶岩流によって形成されているが、氷や水中で形成されたことを示すハイアロクラスタイトの存在も大きな特徴となっている。推定体積は西南極氷床の上に姿を現している部分が780立方キロメートル、全体では5,520立方キロメートルに達し、アフリカのキリマンジャロに匹敵するマリーバードランドで最大の火山である可能性もある。
タカヘ山は第四紀[注 1]の後期に活動した火山である[11]。1988年に報告された放射年代測定の結果によれば、カルデラの縁の岩石は36万年未満、山腹の火山岩は24万年未満の年齢である[70]。火山学者のレ・メイシュリアーは、1990年の著作である『Volcanoes of the Antarctic Plate and Southern Oceans』の中で、未公表のカリウム-アルゴン法による結果を引用しつつ、検査された岩石のサンプルの最も古い年代は31万年±9万年前であると記している[11]。その一方で、2013年の論文の中では最も古い岩石の年代をカルデラの縁で19万2000年前、より低い標高の山腹で6万6000年前と報告しており[21]、2016年に発表されたタカヘ山の岩石の年代に関する再検証の中でも19万2000年より古い岩石はないとしている[71]。火山全体は恐らく40万年以内の期間で形成されたと考えられているものの[72]、さらに短い20万年以内で急速に成長した可能性もある[21]。また、山頂のカルデラで19万2000年±6300年前の岩石が見つかっていることから、火山はこの時点までに現在の高さに達したとみられている[73]。
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^Gunn, Bernard M. (1 June 1963). “Geological structure and stratigraphic correlation in Antarctica” (英語). New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics6 (3): 438. doi:10.1080/00288306.1963.10422073. ISSN0028-8306.
^Kosack, H. P. (1969). “Einige Gedanken zu Herrn Prof. Dr. H. Hoinkes Kritischen Bemerkungen zu dem Buch Die Polaforschung in Polarfoschung 38, 1968, 1/2, S. 227–236” (ドイツ語). Polarforschung39 (1): 279.
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^Giordano, Guido; Lucci, Federico; Phillips, David; Cozzupoli, Domenico; Runci, Valentina (1 November 2012). “Stratigraphy, geochronology and evolution of the Mt. Melbourne volcanic field (North Victoria Land, Antarctica)” (英語). Bulletin of Volcanology74 (9): 1986. Bibcode: 2012BVol...74.1985G. doi:10.1007/s00445-012-0643-8. ISSN1432-0819.
^Chowdhry Beeman, Jai; Gest, Léa; Parrenin, Frédéric; Raynaud, Dominique; Fudge, Tyler J.; Buizert, Christo; Brook, Edward J. (22 May 2019). “Antarctic temperature and CO2: near-synchrony yet variable phasing during the last deglaciation” (英語). Climate of the Past15 (3): 922. Bibcode: 2019CliPa..15..913C. doi:10.5194/cp-15-913-2019. ISSN1814-9324.
^Iverson, N. A.; Dunbar, N. W.; Kurbatov, A.; Kalteyer, D.; Yates, M. G.; McIntosh, W. C.; Sigl, M.; McConnell, J.; Pearce, N. J. G. (December 2015). Linking the Antarctic tephra record across the continent and beyond. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2015 (英語). Vol. 2015. pp. V51F–3107. Bibcode:2015AGUFM.V51F3107I。
^P, Jayaprasad; Mehra, Raghav; Chawla, Saket; Rajak, D. Ram; Oza, Sandip R. (5 May 2016). Khanbilvardi, Reza; Ganju, Ashwagosh; Rajawat, A. S et al.. eds. “Role of Indian remote sensing imaging satellites for the Antarctic monitoring and mapping: a case study around Indian Antarctic research stations” (英語). Land Surface and Cryosphere Remote Sensing III (International Society for Optics and Photonics) 9877: 4. Bibcode: 2016SPIE.9877E..17J. doi:10.1117/12.2223787.
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LeMasurier, Wesley E. (2006). “What Supports the Marie Byrd Land Dome? An Evaluation of Potential Uplift Mechanisms in a Continental Rift System”. In Fütterer, Dieter Karl; Damaske, Detlef; Kleinschmidt, Georg et al. (英語). Antarctica. Springer. pp. 299–302. doi:10.1007/3-540-32934-x_37. ISBN978-3-540-32934-3
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