HD 189733 bからはナトリウムとカリウムが検出されているが、2019年に、これらの物質は活発な火山活動を起こしている衛星から放出されている可能性が示された。このように太陽系外衛星の中でも、激しい火山活動を起こし、宇宙空間にナトリウムやカリウムなどを放出している衛星は、木星の衛星イオと似ていることからエクソ・イオ(Exo-Io)と呼ばれている。ナトリウムやカリウムの検出が必ずしもエクソ・イオの存在の証明に直結するわけではないが、この研究では、HD 189733 bを含め特に5個の太陽系外惑星にエクソ・イオが存在する可能性が高いことが示されている[6]。
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