ベルナール・ド・ジュシュー

ベルナール・ド・ジュシュー

ベルナール・ド・ジュシュー（Bernard de Jussieu、1699年8月17日 – 1777年11月6日）は、フランスの博物学者、医師である。兄のアントワーヌ・ド・ジュシューも博物学者である。

生涯

リヨンで生まれた。モンペリエで医学を学び、1720年から医者を開業したが、1722年に兄から進められてパリに移り、セバスチャン・ヴァイヤンの後を継いで、パリ植物園の学芸員となった。1725年にジョゼフ・ピトン・ド・トゥルヌフォールの『パリ近郊に自生する植物誌』（Histoire des plantes qui naissent aux environs de Paris）の改訂を行い、これは後に英訳が行われた。1725年にフランス科学アカデミー、1727年に王立協会の会員に選ばれた。

ノルマンディの海岸を調査し、アブラハム・トランブレーの研究よりも前に淡水ポリプの研究（Histoire des polypes d'eau douce）を発表し、固着して生活するポリプが植物ではなく動物であることを示した。著書は少ないが、ベルサイユ宮殿のトリアノンの庭園に集められた植物を形態による新しい分類体系で分類し、これは甥のアントワーヌ・ローラン・ド・ジュシューによって発展させられて、"Genera plantarum"（1789年）となった。

著書

改訂版の編集
  • Joseph Pitton de Tournefort: Histoire Des Plantes Qui Naissent Aux Environs De Paris Avec leur usage dans la Medecine. 2 Bände, 2. bearbeitete Auflage, Musier, Paris 1725 (Band 1, Band 2).
著書
  • De naturali secretione bilis in jecore. H. Pech, Montpellier 1719 (online).
  • Catalogue des arbres, et arbrisseau qui se peuvent élever en pleine terre aux environs de Paris. J. Bullot, Paris 1735 (online).
  • Examen des causes qui ont altéré l'eau de la Seine, pendant la sécheresse de l'année 1731. In: Histoire de l'Académie royale des sciences. Année 1733. Paris 1735, S. 351–360 (online).
  • Histoire d'une Plante, connuë par les Botanistes sous le nom de Pilularia. In: Histoire de l'Académie royale des sciences. Année 1739. Paris 1741, S. 240–256 (online).
  • Histoire du Lemma. In: Histoire de l'Académie royale des sciences. Année 1740. Paris 1742, S. 263–275 (online).
  • Sur une espèce d'Ouate ou de matière cotonneuse trouvée au fond d'un Étang. In: Histoire de l'Académie royale des sciences. Année 1741. Paris 1744, S. 85–86 (online).
  • Observation nouvelle sur les Fleurs d'une espèce de Plantain nommée par M. de Tournefort dans ses Élémens de Botanique, Plantago palustris gramineo folio monanthos Parisiensis, pag. 104. In: Histoire de l'Académie royale des sciences. Année 1742. Paris 1745, S. 131–138 (online).
  • Examen de quelques Productions marines qui ont été mises au nombre des Plantes, & qui sont l'ouvrage d'une sorte d'Insectes de Mer. In: Histoire de l'Académie royale des sciences. Année 1742. Paris 1745, S. 290–302 (online).
  • [Observations sur les effets de l'eau de Luce contre la morsure des vipères et des serpene]. In: Histoire de l'Académie royale des sciences. Année 1747. S. 54–56 (online).
死後の出版
  • Bernardi de Jussieu Ordines Naturales in Ludovici XV Horto Trianonensi dispositi anno 1759. In: Antoine-Laurent de Jussieu: Genera Plantarum, secundum ordines naturales disposita juxta methodum in Horto Regio Parisiensi exaratam. Paris 1789, S. LXIII–LXX (online).
B.Juss.は、植物の学名で命名者を示す場合にベルナール・ド・ジュシューを示すのに使われる。（命名者略記を閲覧する／IPNIでAuthor Detailsを検索する。）

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