Wireless Markup Language

Wireless Markup Language (WML), basato su XML, è un linguaggio di markup sviluppato per l'implementazione delle specifiche del protocollo WAP, ormai obsoleto. Fornisce supporto alla navigazione, input dati, link agli ipertesti, visualizzazione testo, immagini, form in maniera simile all'HTML.

Storia del WML

Il WAP Forum ha definito lo standard WML 1.1 nel 1998[1] ed il WML 2.0 nel 2001. Questa versione non è stata largamente utilizzata. La versione più utilizzata al momento[al momento quanti anni fa?] è la 1.3.

WML markup

I documenti WML sono sostanzialmente dei documenti XML validati dal WML DTD. Il W3C Markup Validation service (http://validator.w3.org/) può essere utilizzato per validare i documenti WML.

Un esempio di documento WML può essere il seguente:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.1//EN"
   "http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.1.xml" >
<wml>
  <card id="main" title="First Card">
    <p mode="wrap">This is a sample WML page.</p>
  </card>
</wml>

Un documento WML è identificato come “deck”. I dati nel deck sono strutturati in una o più cards (pagine) ognuna delle quali rappresenta una singola interazione con l'utente.

I deck sono memorizzati in un classico web server per rispondere al mimetype text/vnd.wap.wml. Quando un dispositivo richiede una card, viene dato l'accesso tramite un WAP gateway posizionato il dispositivo mobile e il World Wide Web, passando le pagine una alla volta come un proxy server. I gateway inviano le pagine WML in moduli adatti alla ricezione da parte dei dispositivi mobili. Il processo è trasparente al dispositivo, in questo modo può accedere alle pagine allo stesso modo di un browser HTML, utilizzando una classica url.

Supporto WML nei browser desktop

Opera supporta WML nativamente. I browser basati su Mozilla (Mozilla Firefox, SeaMonkey, MicroB) possono interpretare il WML tramite l'addon WMLBrowser[2].

Note

  1. ^ The HCI blog: A brief History of WAP
  2. ^ Copia archiviata, su wmlbrowser.mozdev.org. URL consultato il 7 novembre 2013 (archiviato dall'url originale il 20 giugno 2012).

Voci correlate

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