Wallace Monument

Wallace Monument
Localizzazione
StatoRegno Unito (bandiera) Regno Unito
Regione/area/distrettoScozia
LocalitàStirling
IndirizzoAbbey Craig, Hillfoots Road, Causewayhead
Coordinate56°08′19.65″N 3°55′04.4″W
Informazioni generali
CondizioniIn uso
Costruzione1861 - 1869
Inaugurazione1869
StileBaronale scozzese
UsoMonumento
Altezza
  • 67 m
Realizzazione
Costo18 000 £
ArchitettoJohn Thomas Rochead

Il National Wallace Monument o monumento a Wallace è una torre situata sulla cima dell'Abbey Craig, una collina a nord di Stirling, in Scozia. È stata eretta a commemorazione del condottiero ed eroe nazionale scozzese Sir William Wallace.[1]

Storia

La statua di Wallace visibile ad un angolo esterno della torre

La torre è stata costruita a seguito di una raccolta fondi alla quale, oltre alla comunità locale, ha contribuito un numero di donatori stranieri, tra cui il ligure italiano Giuseppe Garibaldi. Completata nel 1869 al costo di 18 000 sterline dell'epoca seguendo i disegni dell'architetto John Thomas Rochead, la torre è alta circa 67 metri e realizzata in arenaria secondo lo stile baronale scozzese.[2] La torre si erge sull'Abbey Craig, una collina di origine vulcanica dalla quale si ritiene Wallace abbia controllato l'adunata dell'esercito del re Edoardo I d'Inghilterra prima della storica battaglia di Stirling Bridge del 1297.

Ad uno degli angoli esterni della torre figura una statua di epoca vittoriana raffigurante Wallace, ad opera dello scultore scozzese David Watson Stevenson.[3] All'interno del monumento sono custoditi artefatti che si ritiene siano appartenuti a Wallace, tra i quali la Wallace Sword, una spada lunga 163 centimetri e dal peso di quasi tre chilogrammi. Nel monumento è presente anche la Hall of Heroes, una sala con quindici busti di marmo e uno di bronzo raffiguranti personalità scozzesi, tra cui il re Robert I di Scozia, il poeta Robert Burns, il teologo John Knox, l'ingegnere James Watt, lo scrittore Walter Scott, lo storico e filosofo Thomas Carlyle, il fisico e inventore David Brewster e l'esploratore David Livingstone.[4][5] Nel 2017 è stato annunciato che la missionaria Mary Slessor e la benefattrice Maggie Keswick Jencks saranno le prime eroine di sesso femminile ad essere incluse nella Hall of Heroes.[6]

Note

  1. ^ The National Wallace Monument, su nationalwallacemonument.com. URL consultato il 3 settembre 2017 (archiviato dall'url originale il 3 novembre 2019).
  2. ^ (EN) Design Report: Wallace Monument, su scottisharchitects.org.uk, Dictionary of Scottish Architects. URL consultato il 6 settembre 2017.
  3. ^ (EN) David Watson Stevenson RSA, su Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951. URL consultato il 1º ottobre 2017.
  4. ^ (EN) The Hall of Heroes, su The National Wallace Monument. URL consultato il 1º ottobre 2017.
  5. ^ (EN) R.S. Shearer & Son, Shearer's Stirling: historical and descriptive, with extracts from Burgh records and Exchequer Roll volumes, 1264 to 1529, view of Stirling in 1620, and an old plan of Stirling, Stirling, R.S. Shearer & Son, 1897, p. 114. URL consultato il 1º ottobre 2017.
  6. ^ (EN) Scotland’s Heroines – marking their place in history, su The National Wallace Monument. URL consultato il 1º ottobre 2017 (archiviato dall'url originale il 4 maggio 2017).

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