Nikolaj Ivanovič Il'minskij

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Nikolaj Ivanovič Il'minskij (Николай Иванович Ильминский; Penza, 23 aprile 1822 – Kazan', 27 dicembre 1891) è stato un orientalista e missionario russo cristiano ortodosso.

Figura paradigmatica dell'orientalismo russo di epoca zarista. Professore di lingua araba all'università di Kazan e studioso dei popoli turcofoni della Russia, gettò le basi di una più morbida, ma sempre paternalistica, politica di russificazione delle minoranze alloglotte, introducendo l'uso delle lingue locali nell'istruzione primaria.

A tale scopo adattò l'alfabeto cirillico per scrivere in varie lingue tra cui il tataro e il ciuvascio e in questo collaborò con il padre di Lenin, Il'ja Nikolaevič Ul'janov, ispettore scolastico nell'oblast di Simbirsk. Molto approfonditi furono i suoi studi sulla lingua dei Kazaki che a quell'epoca venivano chiamati dagli orientalisti russi Kirghisi, mentre i Kirghisi venivano chiamati Karakirghisi. Fra le sue opere una traduzione in tartaro della Bibbia.

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