Joseph Alois Gleich

Josef Alois Gleich (Vienna, 14 settembre 1772Vienna, 10 febbraio 1841) è stato un drammaturgo e letterato austriaco.

Biografia

Figlio di un cancellerie, Joseph Alois Gleich frequentò il ginnasio viennese dal 1785 al 1789, dopo di che studiò filosofia, lingue e contabilità all'Università di Vienna, prima di diventare funzionario pubblico nel 1790.[1]

In quello stesso anno esordì nella letteratura dedicandosi al romanzo e alle opere teatrali.[1]

Dal 1814 al 1816 fu vice direttore del teatro di Josefstadt e aiutò suo genero Ferdinand Raimund ad affermarsi come comico.[1]

Dopo essere stato costretto a ritirarsi dalla direzione teatrale per malattia nel 1831, proseguì la sua carriera come scrittore e come redattore di una rivista umoristica.[1][2]

Nel corso della sua carriera letteraria scrisse un centinaio di romanzi, di ingegno e inclinazione popolaresca, ma considerevoli risultarono soprattutto le sue duecentocinquanta commedie,[3] non solo le fiabe sceniche di facile presa, come Leopolds Jagd ("La caccia di Leopoldo", 1808), quanto quelle opere che, nell'intento di diffondere tra gli spettatori il culto della realtà,[3] nei loro atti descrissero e rappresentarono i dilemmi del protagonista, basati sulla scelta della migliore esistenza possibile in un ambito allargato a tre o quattro opzioni; l'autore voleva dimostrare che spesso la vita più vantaggiosa e retta è proprio quella meno considerata inizialmente.[3]

Tra gli esempi più emblematici dei lavori di Gleich si possono citare: Der Berggeist ("Lo spirito della montagna", 1819); Ydor (1820); Der Eheteufel uaf Reisen ("Il diavolo coniugale in viaggio", 1822).[3]

Con queste opere Gleich influenzò Raimund e Grillparzer.[3]

I romanzi di Gleich si caratterizzarono invece per le descrizioni di epopee medioevali di cavalieri, ladri e fantasmi.[2]

Gleich scrisse anche diversi interessanti libri sulla storia locale, tra i quali: Geschichte der kaiserlich königlichen Stadt Wienerisch-Neustadt ("Storia della città imperiale reale viennese-Neustadt", 1809); Wien und seine Bewohner ("Vienna e dei suoi abitanti", 1834).[2]

Opere principali

  • ....... Centilles. Eine Geschichte aus dem spanischen Insurrectionskriege, romanzo;
  • ....... Dagobert von Greifenstein, oder: Das Todtengericht um Mitternacht in den unterirdischen Schauerklüften der Burgfeste Theben in Ungarn, romanzo;
  • ....... Dittmar von Arenstein, oder: Die Rächer in der Todtenhalle, romanzo;
  • ....... Guido von Sendenstein, oder: Die Tempelritter in Mödling, romanzo;
  • ....... Das Blutmahl um Mitternacht, oder: Das wandernde Gespenst in Wiener Neustadt, romanzo;
  • ....... Die Belagerung Wiens durch die Türken, oder: Graf Rüdiger von Starhembergs Heldenmuth und Tapferkeit, romanzo;
  • 1796 Fridolin von Eichenfels, romanzo;
  • 1797 Der schwarze Ritter, oder: Die drei Waisen, romanzo;
  • 1798 Die Todtenfackel, oder: Die Höhle der Siebenschläfer, romanzo;
  • 1798 Der warnende Zaubergürtel, oder: Das Schauermännchen, romanzo;
  • 1798 Die Wanderungen des Titters Eckberts von Klausenthal, romanzo, digitalizzato;
  • 1799 Wallrab von Schreckenhorn, oder: Das Totenmahl um Mitternacht, romanzo;
  • 1800 Die beiden Spencer, oder: Die Wunder der Totengruft, romanzo;
  • 1801 Bodo und seine Brüder, oder: Das Schloß der Geheimnisse, romanzo;
  • 1807 Inkle und Jariko, Singspiel;
  • 1807 Die Löwenritter, dramma;
  • 1807 Der Lohn der Nachwelt, dramma;
  • 1808 Kuntz von Kauffingen, dramma;
  • 1809 Unterthanenliebe, opera;
  • 1816 Die Musikanten am Hohen Markt, farsa;
  • 1816 Herr Adam Kratzerl von Kratzerlsfeld, farsa;
  • 1820 Herr Dr. Kramperl, farsa;
  • 1820 Komische Theaterstücke;
  • 1820 Die weißen Hüte, dramma;
  • 1822 Der Eheteufel auf Reisen, farsa;
  • 1822 Ydor, der Wanderer aus dem Wasserreiche;
  • 1830 Reiseabenteuer im Eilwagen, farsa
  • 1840 Herr Joseph und Frau Baberl, farsa;
  • 1851 Markulf der Eisenarm mit dem Riesenschwerte, oder: Der Todtentanz um Mitternacht im Schlosse Engelhaus bei Carlsbad, romanzo postumo.

Note

  1. ^ a b c d (DE) Joseph Alois Gleich, su gutenberg.spiegel.de. URL consultato il 4 agosto 2018.
  2. ^ a b c (DE) Gleich, Josef Alois, su deutsche-biographie.de. URL consultato il 4 agosto 2018.
  3. ^ a b c d e le muse, V, Novara, De Agostini, 1964, p. 303.

Bibliografia

  • (DE) Volker Klotz, Bürgerliches Lachtheater, pag. 451, Rowohlt, Reinbek 1987, ISBN 3-499-55451-8.
  • (DE) Otto Rommel, Die altwiener Volkskomödie, Schroll, Vienna 1952.
  • (DE) Gleich, Josef Alois, in Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950 (ÖBL), II, Vienna, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1959, p. 6.
  • (DE) Franz Hadamowsky, Gleich, Josef Alois, in Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB), VI, Berlino, Duncker & Humblot, 1964, p. 443.
  • (DE) Karl Weiß, Gleich, Josef Alois, in Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB), IX, Lipsia, Duncker & Humblot, 1879, p. 226.

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Collegamenti esterni

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