James Paine

Ritratto di James Paine senior e junior

James Paine (Andover, 17171789) è stato un architetto inglese.

Biografia

Mansion House, Doncaster

Nel 1745, la Doncaster Corporation scelse il giovane architetto James Paine per progettare una Mansion House da utilizzare per "l'ospitalità civica e le celebrazioni" a Doncaster in Scozia (1745-1748).[1][2][3] Paine si ispirò per la facciata dell'edificio, al progetto di Inigo Jones per un palazzo reale a Whitehall.[1] Dopo questo esordio, la carriera di Paine fu ben avviata e nei successivi quarant'anni si affermò come uno dei principali architetti del revival palladiano e uno dei primi rappresentanti della decorazione d'interni rococò a metà del XVIII secolo.[1]

Paine fu molto apprezzato per la progettazione e la decorazione di grandi case con magnifiche scalinate per l'aristocrazia e le case per la nobiltà terriera, oltre a realizzare edifici funzionali, luoghi di culto e ponti.[1]

Anche se soggiornò per gran parte della sua vita a Londra, i suoi lavori si trovano principalmente nella regione dei Midlands e del Nord.[1]

Paine si ispirò alle opere e agli scritti dell'architetto veneziano Andrea Palladio (1508-1580) e di Inigo Jones (1573-1652),[1] e con le sue opere condusse il revival palladiano verso il Neoclassicismo.[4]

Paine nacque ad Andover, nell'Hampshire, nel 1717, figlio di un falegname,[2] e si avvicinò all'architettura studiando disegno all'Accademia Saint Martin di Londra.[3] In quegli anni attirò l'attenzione del circolo di Lord Burlington (1694-1753), sostenitore del revival palladiano, e promotore di giovani architetti meritevoli.[1][2]

L'esordio di Paine avvenne nel 1737 a Nostell Priory,[2] nel West Yorkshire, una grande casa progettata in stile palladiano dall'architetto James Moyser, per la quale Paine eseguì le decorazioni interne della casa.[1][5]

Dopo il progetto del 1745, Paine rilevò nel 1753 lo studio di architettura di Garrett a Londra e in pochi anni lavorò per ristrutturazioni alle case cittadine dei duchi di Northumberland nel Castello di Alnwick, nel Norfolk a Worksop Manor e per le scuderie e il ponte della villa di Chatsworth House.[1]

Tra gli altri suoi lavori londinesi si ricordano quelli per Lincoln's Inn e Coutts Bank, una grande casa a Whitehall per Sir Matthew Featherstonhaugh,[1] Lumley Castle, Thorndon Hall, Workshop Manor, Wardour e l'interessante Kedleston Hall, tutti realizzati tra il 1735 e il 1770, in un periodo in cui Paine si dimostrò uno degli architetti inglesi più apprezzati.[4] Per diffondere i suoi risultati ed esprimere le sue idee sull'architettura, Paine pubblicò i Piani, prospetti, sezioni e altri ornamenti della Mansion House, Doncaster (Plans, Elevations, Sections and Other Ornaments of the Mansion House, Doncastenel, 1751)[2] e nel 1767, pubblicò il primo volume di Piani, Prospetti e Sezioni di nobili e gentiluomini (Plans, Elevations and Sections of Noblemen and Gentlemen's Houses), un secondo volume venne pubblicato nel 1783. Questi libri compresero pregevoli incisioni di tutti i suoi lavori più importanti accompagnati da note di spiegazioni.[1]

Nel 1789, James Paine morì in Francia all'inizio della Rivoluzione francese.[1]

Opere

  • Nostell Priory, Yorkshire (c. 1737–1750);
  • Heath House, Yorkshire (1744–1745);
  • Hickleton Hall, Yorkshire (1745–1749);
  • Mansion House, Doncaster (1745–1748);
  • Cusworth Hall, Yorkshire (1749–1753);
  • Wilsford Manor, Lincolnshire (1749);
  • Wadworth Hall, Yorkshire (c. 1749–1750);
  • High Melton Hall, Yorkshire (c. 1750);
  • Sprotbrough Hall, Yorkshire (c. 1750);
  • Milnsbridge Hall, Yorkshire (c. 1750);
  • Bierley Hall, Yorkshire (c. 1750);
  • Ormsby Hall, Lincolnshire (1750–1756);
  • Felbrigg Hall (1751–1756);
  • Dinnington Hall, Dinnington, Yorkshire (c. 1751–1757);
  • Kirkstall Grange, Headingley, Yorkshire (1752);
  • Cowick Hall, Yorkshire (1752–1760);
  • Blagdon Hall, Northumberland (1753–1756);
  • Northumberland House, Londra (c. 1753–1757);
  • Raby Castle, County Durham (c. 1753–1760);
  • Alnwick Castle, Northumberland (c. 17541768);
  • Hardwick Hall, County Durham (c. 1754–1757);
  • Dover House, Whitehall London (1754–1758);
  • Serlby Hall, Nottinghamshire (1754–1773);
  • Belford Hall, Northumberland (c. 1755–1756);
  • Wallington Hall, Northumberland, ponte (1755);
  • Gosforth House, Gosforth, Northumberland (1755–1764);
  • Middlesex Hospital, Londra (1755–1778);
  • Chatsworth House, Derbyshire (1756–1767);
  • Norfolk House, Londra (c. 1756–1769);
  • Ravensworth Castle (c. 1758)
  • Cavendish Bridge (Wilne Ferry Bridge), Derbyshire (1758–1761)
  • Stockeld Park, North Yorkshire (1758–1763)
  • Axwell House, County Durham (1758);
  • Kedleston Hall, Derbyshire (1759–1763);
  • Bywell Hall, Northumberland (c. 1760)
  • Brocket Hall, Hertfordshire (c. 1760–1775);
  • Bramham Park, Yorkshire (c. 1760);
  • Devonshire House, Londra (1760);
  • Forcet Park, Yorkshire, Banqueting House (c. 1762);
  • Arundel Castle, Sussex (1762);
  • Sandbeck Park, Yorkshire (c. 1763–1768);
  • Gopsall Hall, Gopsall, Leicestershire, tempio (c. 1764)
  • Thorndon Hall, Essex (1764–1770);
  • Weston Park, Staffordshire (c. 17651766), ponte e tempio di Diana (c. 1770);
  • Melton Constable Hall, Melton Constable Norfolk (c. 1767);
  • Burton house, Lincolnshire (1767–1771);
  • Britwell house, Oxfordshire (c. 1768);
  • Shrubland Park, Suffolk (c. 1769–1772);
  • Moor Park, Surrey (c. 1770–1775);
  • Bagshot Park, Surrey (1770–1772);
  • Chillington Hall, Staffordshire, ponte (c. 1770) e tempio (1772–1773);
  • Wardour Castle, Wiltshire (1770–1776);
  • Sayes Court, Surrey (c. 1773).

Note

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l (EN) James Paine, su mansionhousedoncaster.com. URL consultato il 2 maggio 2019 (archiviato dall'url originale il 10 maggio 2019).
  2. ^ a b c d e (EN) James Paine The Architect (PDF), su visitdoncaster.com. URL consultato il 2 maggio 2019 (archiviato dall'url originale il 3 marzo 2019).
  3. ^ a b (EN) A short History of Renaissance Architecture in England 1500-1800, su books.google.it. URL consultato il 2 maggio 2019.
  4. ^ a b James Paine, in le muse, VIII, Novara, De Agostini, 1967, p. 477-478.
  5. ^ (EN) List of James Paine Architecture, su ranker.com. URL consultato il 2 maggio 2019.

Bibliografia

  • (EN) H. M. Colvin, A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects, 1600–1840, 1997.
  • (EN) Robert Gunnis, Paine, James, in Dictionary of British Sculptors 1660–1851, 1954.
  • (EN) Charles Henry Hart, Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century British Artists Collection, 1756-1838.
  • (EN) Peter Leach, James Paine, Londra, A. Zwemmer Ltd, 1988.
  • (EN) Peter Leach, The life and work of James Paine, Oxford, University of Oxford. Faculty of Modern History, 1976.
  • (EN) National Trust, Nostell Priory, Yorkshire, Londra, The National Trust, 1985.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN66313205 · ISNI (EN0000 0001 1661 5745 · CERL cnp01334694 · ULAN (EN500010582 · LCCN (ENnr89001870 · GND (DE118860437 · BNF (FRcb12240180c (data)

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