HD 131399 Ab

HD 131399 Ab
Immagine artistica del sistema di HD 131399 visto dal pianeta, con la stella principale bianca al centro, e sullo sfondo, la coppia formata dalle componenti B e C.
Stella madreHD 131399 A
Scoperta7 luglio 2016
ClassificazioneGigante gassoso
Distanza dal Sole319 anni luce
Coordinate
Ascensione retta14h 54m 25s
Declinazione-34° 08′ 34″
Parametri orbitali
Semiasse maggiore~80 UA
Periodo orbitale550 anni
Inclinazione orbitale°
Eccentricità0,35
Dati fisici
Massa
4,0 (± 1,0) MJ
Temperatura
superficiale
  • 850 K (media)

HD 131399 Ab era un presunto pianeta extrasolare in orbita attorno alla stella principale del sistema triplo HD 131399. Situato a 319 anni luce dal sistema solare, è visibile in direzione della costellazione del Centauro con un binocolo o un piccolo telescopio, essendo di magnitudine 7.[1][2]

Nel maggio 2017, osservazioni effettuate con il Gemini Planet Imager e nuove analisi dei dati di SPHERE hanno concluso che in realtà l'oggetto era una debole stella di fondo.[3]

Scoperta

Composizione di immagini riprese dal Very Large Telescope dell'ESO, in Cile, che mostrano il pianeta scoperto e le stelle del sistema.

Il pianeta è stato scoperto nel luglio 2016 da un team di astronomi coordinati da Kevin Wagner, che utilizzando lo strumento SPHERE del Very Large Telescope dell'ESO ha potuto osservare il pianeta con un'immagine diretta. Si tratta del primo pianeta scoperto con immagine diretta in un sistema triplo, nonché uno dei più piccoli e freddi di cui si sia riusciti ad ottenere un'immagine.[1]

Sistema stellare

Il pianeta ipotizzato sarebbe stato in orbita attorno alla componente principale del sistema, una stella bianca di sequenza principale di classe A1, molto giovane (16 milioni di anni), più grande e calda del Sole e con una massa superiore dell'80%, paragonabile ad esempio a Sirio o Vega. Le altre due stelle del sistema orbitano una attorno all'altra, separate da 10 UA, mentre entrambe orbitano attorno alla componente A ad una distanza di circa 300 UA.[2]

Caratteristiche del pianeta

Immagine artistica animata che mostra l'orbita del pianeta nel sistema triplo.

Si pensava che il pianeta fosse un gigante gassoso quattro volte più massiccio di Giove, con un periodo orbitale di 550 anni e si trovasse a una distanza di circa 80 UA da HD 131399 A, vale a dire circa il doppio della distanza che separa Plutone dal Sole.

Le ipotesi sulla sua formazione erano incerte, poteva essersi formato più vicino ad A e poi essere emigrato all'esterno per cause non note, oppure si sarebbe formato circumbinario attorno alle due stelle minori ed essere successivamente stato catturato da A.[4][2]

Note

  1. ^ a b Kevin Wagner et al., Direct imaging discovery of a Jovian exoplanet within a triple-star system, in Science, 7 luglio 2016, DOI:10.1126/science.aaf9671.
  2. ^ a b c A Surprising Planet with Three Suns, su ESO. URL consultato il 7 luglio 2016.
  3. ^ Eric L. Nielsen et al., Evidence That the Directly Imaged Planet HD 131399 Ab Is a Background Star, in The Astronomical Journal, vol. 154, n. 6, dicembre 2017.
  4. ^ Newly-Discovered Planet Has 3 Suns, su nasa.gov, NASA, 7 luglio 2016. URL consultato il 9 luglio 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 10 luglio 2016).

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