Gyrth Godwinson

Gyrth e la morte di suo fratello nella battaglia di Hastings, scena 52 dell'arazzo di Bayeux.

(LA) «HIC CECIDERUNT LEWINE ET GYRD FRATRES HAROLDI REGIS»
(IT) «Qui sono caduti morti Leofwine e Gyrth, fratelli del re Aroldo.»

Gyrth Godwinson, in inglese antico Gyrð Godƿinson (1032 circa[1] – 14 ottobre 1066), fu il quarto figlio di Godwin del Wessex, e fratello minore di Aroldo II d'Inghilterra, e dunque appartenente alla dinastia di Godwin.

Andò con il fratello maggiore Sweyn in esilio nelle Fiandre nel 1051, ma a differenza di Swegen riuscì a tornare con il resto del clan l'anno successivo. Insieme ai suoi fratelli Aroldo e Tostig, Gyrth era presente sul letto di morte di suo padre.

Biografia

Dopo la morte di suo padre, nell'aprile del 1053, i membri della dinastia Godwinson riuscirono a mantenere la loro presa sull'Inghilterra. Aroldo ereditò il titolo di earl del Wessex e divenne secondo più potente del regno, secondo solo al re. Secondo la Vita Ædwardi regis, Gyrth fu nominato dal fratello earl di Norfolk, poi earl dell'Anglia orientale quando il precedente earl, Ælfgar, venne esiliato; fu anche earl di Cambridgeshire e Oxfordshire. Gyrth ebbe tali titoli tra il 1055 e il 1057.[2] Insieme al fratello Leofwine, earl del Kent, dell'Essex, del Middlesex, di Hertfordshire, di Surrey e probabilmente di Buckinghamshire,[3] i Godwinson ora controllavano l'intera Inghilterra orientale.

Secondo Orderico Vitale e Guglielmo di Malmesbury, Gyrth tentò (in modo inefficace) di impedire ad Aroldo di comandare l'esercito destinato a scontrarsi con Guglielmo in Normandia, dicendo che invece poteva guidare lui le forze inglesi in modo che il fratello non fosse accusato di spergiuro per aver violato il giuramento fatto a Guglielmo. Aroldo, tuttavia, ignorò il consiglio del fratello. Gyrth combatté e fu ucciso nella battaglia di Hastings insieme ai suoi fratelli Aroldo e Leofwine.[4] Secondo il Carmen de Hastingae Proelio e il Roman de Rou, morì combattendo in duello contro Guglielmo, ma l'arazzo di Bayeux non rileva l'identità del cavaliere che lo trafigge con la lancia

Cultura di massa

Gyrth è stato interpretato dall'attore Malcolm Webster nel film in due parti della BBC Conquest (1966), parte della serie Theatre 625.

Ascendenza

Genitori Nonni Bisnonni Trisnonni
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Wulfnoth Cild  
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Godwin del Wessex  
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Gyrth Godwinson  
Styrbjörn Starke Olof (II) Björnsson  
 
Ingeborg Thransdotter  
Thorgils Sprakalägg  
Tyri di Danimarca (Fatata?) …  
 
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Gytha Thorkelsdaettir  
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Sigrid del Halland  
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Note

  1. ^ Barlow, Vita Ædwardi pp. 7–8.
  2. ^ DeVries, The Norwegian Invasion of England in 1066, pp. 114–115.
  3. ^ (EN) DeVries, The Norwegian Invasion of England in 1066, p. 115.
  4. ^ Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (D and E), 1066

Bibliografia

  • Barlow, Frank (ed.). Vita Ædwardi.
  • DeVries, Kelly (1999). The Norwegian Invasion of England in 1066. Boydell Press. pp. 108–114. ISBN 1-84383-027-2.

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