Gruppo di Pasifae

Il diagramma mostra i satelliti di Giove nelle vicinanze di Pasifae

Il gruppo di Pasifae è composto dai satelliti naturali di Giove i cui parametri orbitali si avvicinano a quelli del capostipite del gruppo, Pasifae, appunto. I semiassi maggiori delle orbite di questi satelliti vanno da 22,8 a 24,1 milioni di km (similmente al gruppo di Carme), le loro inclinazioni orbitali da 144,5° a 158,3°, le loro eccentricità da 0,25 a 0,43; il loro moto è retrogrado.

L'Unione Astronomica Internazionale riserva i nomi terminanti in -e per tutti i satelliti retrogradi di Giove, inclusi i membri di questo gruppo.

Componenti

I membri del gruppo, in ordine di distanza da Giove, sono:

Membri principali

I parametri orbitali per i principali membri del gruppo sono (il segno meno davanti al periodo indica che l'orbita è retrograda):[1]

Nome Diametro
(km)
Periodo
(giorni)
Note
Pasifae 57,8 −722,34 il membro di maggiori dimensioni e prototipo del gruppo
Sinope 35 −777,29 colore rosso
Calliroe 9,6 −787,43 colore rossastro
Megaclite 5 −747,09 colore rossastro
Autonoe 4 −719,01
Euridome 3 −722,59
Sponde 2 −734,89

Origine

Si ritiene che il gruppo di Pasifae si sia formato quando Giove ha catturato un asteroide che si è successivamente frammentato in seguito a una collisione. L'asteroide progenitore non sembra essere stato fortemente perturbato da questo impatto: si calcola che il corpo celeste originario avesse un diametro di 60 km e una massa simile a quella di Pasifae, che ha il 99% della massa originaria dell'asteroide.[2] Tuttavia, se Sinope fa effettivamente parte del gruppo, allora il rapporto di massa di Pasifae diventa dell'87%. Alcuni autori non includono Sinope nel gruppo.[3]

A differenza dei gruppi di Carme e di Ananke, l'ipotesi di un'origine conseguente a un singolo impatto non è accettata da tutti gli studiosi. Nel gruppo di Pasifae i membri hanno semiassi simili, ma le inclinazioni orbitali sono molto disperse. Lo studio di Nesvorny, include solo Megaclite nel gruppo di Pasifae. Tuttavia la risonanza secolare, che è nota sia per Pasifae che Sinope, potrebbe contribuire alla forma dell'orbita e fornire una spiegazione per la dispersione post-collisionale degli elementi orbitali.[4]

Una proposta alternativa ipotizza che Sinope non faccia parte dei residui della collisione originaria e sia stato invece catturato successivamente.[5] La differenza di colore tra questi corpi celesti (grigio per Pasifae, rosso chiaro per Calliroe e Megaclite) suggerisce anche un'origine complessa rispetto a un singolo evento collisionale.[5]

Note

  1. ^ Scott S. Sheppard, David C. Jewitt, Carolyn Porco, Jupiter's outer satellites and Trojans, In: Jupiter. The planet, satellites and magnetosphere. Edited by Fran Bagenal, Timothy E. Dowling, William B. McKinnon. Cambridge planetary science, Vol. 1, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-81808-7, 2004, p. 263 – 280, Full text(pdf). (PDF) (archiviato dall'url originale il 14 giugno 2007).
  2. ^ Scott S. Sheppard e Jewitt, David C., An abundant population of small irregular satellites around Jupiter, in Nature, vol. 423, n. 6937, 5 maggio 2003, pp. 261–263, Bibcode:2003Natur.423..261S, DOI:10.1038/nature01584, PMID 12748634.
  3. ^ David Nesvorný, Jose L. A. Alvarellos, Luke Dones, and Harold F. Levison, Orbital and Collisional Evolution of the Irregular Satellites, The Astronomical Journal,126 (2003), pages 398–429. (pdf) (PDF). URL consultato il 20 gennaio 2023 (archiviato dall'url originale il 15 aprile 2020).
  4. ^ David Nesvorný, Cristian Beaugé, and Luke Dones Collisional Origin of Families of Irregular Satellites, The Astronomical Journal, 127 (2004), pp. 1768–1783 Full text. (PDF).
  5. ^ a b Grav, Tommy; Holman, Matthew J.; Gladman, Brett J.; Aksnes, Kaare; Photometric survey of the irregular satellites, Icarus, 166,(2003), pp. 33-45. Preprint.

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