Gens Mucia

Gaio Muzio Scevola alla Presenza di Lars Porsenna (inizi del 1640), pittura ad olio di Matthias Stom.

La gens Mucia era un'antichissima e nobile famiglia patrizia romana. Venne menzionata per la prima volta nel primo periodo della Repubblica

Storia

L'esponente più noto è Gaio Muzio Scevola, giovane romano vissuto agli inizi della Repubblica romana. Secondo la leggenda, si offrì come volontario per infiltrarsi nel campo nemico di Lars Porsenna, il lucumone etrusco della città Chiusi durante il periodo dell'assedio di Roma del 508 a.C. tentando di assassinare il re Porsenna, ma non conoscendo come fosse vestito, lo scambiò per una serva e venne catturato.

Venne posto davanti al re e Muzio dichiarò che era solo uno dei trecento soldati romani che avevano giurato di compiere quest'impresa e disposti a morire provandoci. Come dimostrazione del suo coraggio, pose la sua mano destra su un braciere ardente. Porsenna fu impressionato dalla sua grande resistenza che decise di liberarlo, secondo alcune tradizioni ritengono che Porsena ritirò il suo esercito per paura delle minacce di assassinio inventate dal giovane guerriero romano.[1]

Personaggi illustri

Tra i più noti personaggi della gens Mucia ricordiamo:

Scaeva potrebbe anche riferirsi ad un auspicio favorevole.[non chiaro]

Note

  1. ^ Livy, A Commentary on Livy Books XXXIV–XXXVII, Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780198144557. URL consultato il 17 aprile 2019.
  2. ^ Livy, ii. 13.
  3. ^ Niebuhr, History of Rome, vol. i, "The War with Porsenna".
  4. ^ Livy, xxiii. 24, 30, 34, 40, xxiv. 9, 44, xxv. 3, xxvii. 8.
  5. ^ Broughton, vol. I, pp. 235, 236 (note 1), 255.
  6. ^ Plutarch, "The Life of Tiberius Gracchus", c. 9..
  7. ^ Cicero, Pro Plancio, c. 36, De Domo Sua, c. 34, De Oratore, i. 50, Brutus, c. 28.
  8. ^ Digesta, 1. tit. 2. s. 2. § 9; 24. tit. 3. s. 66; 50. tit. 7. s. 17; 49. tit. 15. s. 4.
  9. ^ Valerius Maximus, viii. 8, 2..
  10. ^ Quintilian, xi. 2..
  11. ^ Zimmern, Geschichte des Römischen Privatrechts, vol. i, p. 277.
  12. ^ Broughton, vol. I, p. 492.
  13. ^ Plutarch, "The Life of Tiberius Gracchus", 9, 21.
  14. ^ Cicero, "De Oratore", i. 37, 56, Brutus, 26, 33.
  15. ^ Livy, Epitome, 59.
  16. ^ Gellius, i. 13.
  17. ^ Valerius Maximus, viii. 7. § 6.
  18. ^ Digesta, 1. tit. 2. s. 2. § 40, ff.
  19. ^ Drumann, Geschichte Roms, "Licinii Crassi", No. 21.
  20. ^ Broughton, vol. I, pp. 499, 500.
  21. ^ Cicero, Laelius de Amicitia, 8, c. 1, Brutus, c. 26, 35, De Finibus, i. 3, De Oratore, i. 17, ii. 70, Philippicae, viii. 10, Pro Balbo, c. 20.
  22. ^ Valerius Maximus, iii. 8, iv. 1. § 11, iv. 5. § 4, viii. 12. § 1.
  23. ^ Broughton, vol. I, pp. 523, 524, 529, 530 (note 1).
  24. ^ Asconius Pedianus, In Ciceronis Pro Scauro, p. 19 (ed. Orelli).
  25. ^ Cicero, Epistulae ad Familiares, v. 2, Epistulae ad Atticum, i. 12.
  26. ^ Cassius Dio, xxxvii. 49, xlviii. 16, li. 2, lvi. 38.
  27. ^ Appian, Bellum Civile, v. 69, 72.
  28. ^ Suetonius, "The Life of Caesar", 50.
  29. ^ Plutarch, "The Life of Pompeius", 42.
  30. ^ Zonaras, x. 5.
  31. ^ St. Jerome, Adversus Jovinianum, i. 48.
  32. ^ Cicero, De Officiis, i. 32, iii. 11, 15, De Oratore, i. 39, iii. 3, Pro Roscio Amerino, 12, Brutus, 39, 52, 89, De Legibus, ii. 20.
  33. ^ Velleius Paterculus, ii. 26.
  34. ^ Florus, iii. 21.
  35. ^ Lucan, ii. 126.
  36. ^ Appian, Bellum Civile, i. 88.
  37. ^ Valerius Maximus, ix. 11.
  38. ^ Plutarch, "The Life of Sulla", c. 25.
  39. ^ Digesta, 41. tit. 1. s. 64; 43 tit. 20. s. 8; 50 tit. 16. s. 241; tit. 17. s. 73; 35. tit. 1. s. 7, 77, 79, ff.
  40. ^ Broughton, vol. II, pp. 11, 37.
  41. ^ Tacitus, Historiae, i. 10, 76, ii. 4, 5, 76–84, iii. 8, 46, 53, 78, iv. 4, 11, 39, 80, 85.
  42. ^ Suetonius, "The Life of Vespasian", 6, 13.
  43. ^ Cassius Dio, lxv. 8, 9, 22, lxvi. 2, 9, 13.
  44. ^ Josephus, Bellum Judaïcum, iv. 10, 11.
  45. ^ Pliny the Elder, xii. 1. s. 5, xxviii. 2. § 5, xxxiv. 7. s. 17 ff.
  46. ^ Vossius, De Historicis Latinis, i. 27, p. 140.
  47. ^ Westermann, Geschichte der Beredtsamkeit, § 82, n. 19.

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