Coupé

Il coupé[1] (termine francese, in italiano cupé[2][3] o cupè[3][2]) è un tipo di autovettura d’impostazione sportiva a due porte, a due o a tre volumi, caratterizzata da una linea rastremata nella parte posteriore.[4]

Berlina o sedan (ABC), coupé (AC), familiare o station wagon (ABCD). Le lettere maiuscole indicano i montanti che supportano il tetto.

Caratteristiche

BMW Serie 6, esempio di vettura con carrozzeria coupé berlina a due porte a tre volumi

Il coupé (ovvero "tagliato", participio passato del francese couper, "tagliare") è usualmente un'auto sportiva a due porte. Oltre ai due posti anteriori, ha un sedile posteriore di dimensioni ridotte per ospitare ulteriori due passeggeri, sebbene in minore spazio e con minore comfort rispetto ai posti anteriori. Tale disposizione dell'abitacolo è di frequente definita 2+2, e ai fini dell'omologazione ciò può significare che dietro si possono trasportare solo persone di statura piccola o bambini.

Fiat Dino Coupé del 1971, esempio tipico di coupé due volumi.

Ricorrente è il caso di autovetture progettate come coupé che in un secondo tempo vengono presentate anche con tetto apribile in configurazione roadster o spider (queste con solo 2 posti secchi), cabriolet o targa. Nel XXI secolo sta prendendo sempre più piede anche la configurazione coupé-cabriolet (abbreviata spesso in C+C), cioè una vettura sportiva con tetto rigido che all'occorrenza si trasforma in vettura scoperta.[4]

Le vetture coupé possono essere divise in due categorie:

  • alla prima appartengono modelli progettati esclusivamente in questa configurazione, o al più anche in versione scoperta, che sono orientati alla ricerca delle massime prestazioni e pertanto vengono usualmente dotati di motori di grande potenza. Tale categoria include le coupé prodotte da case automobilistiche quali la Ferrari, la Porsche o l'Aston Martin;
  • la seconda categoria include i modelli che condividono gran parte della componentistica con automobili di altra foggia, quali tipicamente berline, che pertanto hanno una connotazione sportiva meno esasperata e costi più contenuti. A volte questo tipo di coupé deriva da berline di piccola cilindrata e piccole dimensioni (è il caso delle versioni coupé della Fiat 850 o della DAF 55 degli anni sessanta), ma sempre più frequentemente la derivazione è da automobili più grandi, che possono includere le ammiraglie come per la BMW Serie 6, le Mercedes-Benz Classe CL o le Maserati GranTurismo.[4]

Coupé a 4 o 5 porte

Una Mercedes-Benz CLS, prima coupè a 4 porte

Nel 2004, con il lancio sul mercato della Mercedes-Benz C219, primo modello della serie CLS, fu introdotto il coupé a 4 porte, una carrozzeria a tre volumi caratterizzata dal tipico profilo coupé, ma che ha due portiere per lato e che si differenzia dalla carrozzeria fastback per la presenza del terzo volume.

In seguito al successo della prima CLS, la Mercedes fu presto seguita da modelli analoghi dei marchi concorrenti (Audi A7, BMW Serie 6 Gran Coupé) e poi da modelli di segmento differente, come la Audi A5 Sportback, la BMW Serie 4 Gran Coupè, la Volkswagen CC e la Mercedes-Benz classe CLA. Le macchine con carrozzeria di tipo coupé a 4 porte (o a 5 porte con il portellone posteriore) sono spesso classificate fra le cosiddette crossover perché uniscono le caratteristiche di due diversi tipi di carrozzeria (sedan e coupé) in una sola autovettura.

Note

  1. ^ Coupé, in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. URL consultato il 21 aprile 2017.
  2. ^ a b Luciano Canepari, cupé, in Il DiPI: dizionario di pronuncia italiana, Bologna, Zanichelli, 1999, ISBN 88-08-09344-1.
  3. ^ a b Bruno Migliorini et al., Scheda sul lemma "cupè", in Dizionario d'ortografia e di pronunzia, Rai Eri, 2010, ISBN 978-88-397-1478-7.
  4. ^ a b c Coupé, su autoblog.it.

Voci correlate

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