Classe Aikoku Maru

Classe Aikoku Maru
L'esplosione della Aikoku Maru
Descrizione generale
Tiponave corsara
Caratteristiche generali
Dislocamento10.437
Lunghezza150 m
Larghezza20 m
Pescaggio7,8 m
Propulsione2 motori diesel Mistsui B&W, 2 assi elica, 13.000 CV
Velocità21 nodi (38,8 km/h)
Armamento
Armamento
  • 8 cannoni da 5,5" (140 mm)/50
  • 2 cannoni da 76 mm
  • 4 cannoni da 25 mm/60
  • 4 tubi lanciasiluri da 533 mm binati
  • 1 catapulta per 2 aerei
Mezzi aerei2 idrovolanti Kawanishi E7K
voci di navi presenti su Wikipedia

La classe Aikoku Maru fu una classe di navi mercantili giapponesi trasformate successivamente in navi corsare appartenente all'omonima classe. Le navi corsare giapponesi si guadagnarono una certa notorietà, anche se le loro prodezze rimasero per almeno mezzo secolo archiviate in dossier riservati sia giapponesi che statunitensi.

Queste navi corsare, furono scelte per la grande autonomia e velocità, camuffate con false torri, finti fumaioli, finte sovrastrutture e carichi fasulli, e celavano, ben nascoste, un potente armamento come veri e propri incrociatori ausiliari, attrezzati per la guerra contro il traffico mercantile alleato.

La loro guerra di corsa fu completamente differente da quella condotta dalle similari tedesche della Kriegsmarine, in quanto i giapponesi concepirono in maniera diversa le operazioni belliche.

Storia

La capoclasse, Aikoku Maru, fu completata tra il 1938 ed il 1940 nei cantieri Tama Zosensho KK di Tamano per conto della società armatrice Osaka Shosen KK, ed era stata commissionata per il trasporto di passeggeri e merci varie lungo la rotta per il Sud America.

Nel settembre 1941, tre mesi prima dell'attacco giapponese a Pearl Harbor venne requisita dalla Marina Imperiale giapponese, insieme alle due gemelle, Hokoku Maru e Gokoku Maru, che insieme ad una quarta nave, la futura corsara Kiyosumi Maru, furono registrate presso il Distretto Navale di Kure e poste sotto le insegne del viceammiraglio Masao Okamura.

Nei cantieri navali di Tamano furono prima armate con cannoni, mitragliere e tubi lanciasiluri e quindi attrezzate per il trasporto e l'utilizzo di due idrovolanti da ricognizione. Questi lavori terminarono nella metà di ottobre con il montaggio di due grandi proiettori, uno da 1.100 mm, e l'altro da 900 mm.

Nell'ottobre del 1941, la Aikoku Maru, la Hokoku Maru e la Kiyosumi Maru furono assegnati al 24º Squadrone Corsare aggregate alla Flotta Combinata della Marina Imperiale giapponese, poste sotto il comando del viceammiraglio Takeda Moriji.

Nel 1942-1943 venne convertita in trasporto e funzionò da nave appoggio per sottomarini, cargo e trasporto truppe.

Il 16 febbraio 1944 arriva alla laguna di Truk, dove imbarca munizioni e truppe della I Brigata Anfibia, destinate a Rabaul.

Collegamenti esterni

  Portale Marina: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di marina

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