Asbagh-ibn-Wekîl

Asbagh-ibn-Wekîl, noto anche con il soprannome di Ferghalush (... – Caltanissetta, 830) è stato un avventuriero e un comandante militare di origine berbera che partecipò alla conquista islamica della Sicilia.[1][2]

Originario dalla tribù berbera degli Hawwāra, Asbagh arrivò in Sicilia nell'830 dalla Spagna per conto dell'emirato omayyade di Córdoba di al-Andalus. Assunse il comando di una flotta militare che fu inviata per rompere l'assedio bizantino contro le truppe musulmane intrappolate a Mineo.[3]

La situazione per l'esercito musulmano in Sicilia era infatti molto critica. I Bizantini avevano formalmente il controllo di quasi tutto il territorio. Solo Mazara era in mano araba e l'unico presidio arabo, Mineo, fu assediato dalle truppe bizantine di Teodoto.[4] Asbagh, con i rinforzi ulteriori provenienti dall'Ifriqiya, da parte dell'emiro di Kairouan,[5] prese il controllo delle operazioni militari in Sicilia e riuscì a porre fine all'assedio di Mineo. Teodoto venne ucciso nel luglio/agosto 830, e l'esercito arabo, abbandonando Mineo, si diresse verso Castrogiovanni (l'odierna Enna) dove i Bizantini si erano ritirati.[4] Asbagh e le sue truppe, per avere la via libera per Girgenti,[6] conquistarono la vicina cittadina di Ghallûia, forse Calloniana,[2] città che si trovava nei pressi di Caltanissetta[7] (o secondo un'altra interpretazione Barrafranca),[6] con l'obiettivo di controllare il territorio a ovest del Salso. Poco dopo, tuttavia, un'epidemia colpì l'esercito musulmano uccidendo parecchi soldati, tra cui lo stesso Asbagh.[8][9] Il numero degli arabi era così ridotto che dovettero abbandonare la città e ritirarsi a ovest. Molti si imbarcarono e tornarono in parte in Africa e la maggior parte in Spagna.[10]

Contributo strategico di Asbagh

Con il controllo da parte di Asbagh del territorio a ovest del Salso, i contingenti musulmani si diressero verso Palermo.[8] La città di Palermo non poteva più ricevere i rinforzi bizantini, perché l'esercito bizantino era concentrato a Castrogiovanni. Inoltre con l'abbandono della città di Ghallûia, alcuni soldati musulmani si mossero verso Palermo, rafforzando l'assedio della città.[8] Palermo fu assediata l'anno dopo da Othman-ibn-Kohreb,[11] e l'assedio dell'830-831 fu un episodio decisivo della conquista musulmana della Sicilia.

Note

  1. ^ Amari, 1854, p. 286.
  2. ^ a b Sanfilippo, 1859, p. 100.
  3. ^ Amari, 1854, p. 287.
  4. ^ a b Amari, 1854, p. 289.
  5. ^ Amari, 1854, p. 288.
  6. ^ a b Archivio storico siciliano, Stabilimento tipografico Lao, 1957, p. 56.
  7. ^ Amari, 1854, pp. 289-290.
  8. ^ a b c Amari, 1854, p. 290.
  9. ^ Romano (Giacinto), Storia politica d'Italia scritta da una società di professori: Le dominazioni barbariche in Italia, F. Vallardi, 1900, p. 477.
  10. ^ Parsons Scott, 1904, p. 21.
  11. ^ Amari, 1854, p. 295.

Bibliografia

Voci correlate

Predecessore Governante islamico della Sicilia Successore
Zoheir-ibn-Ghauth 830 - 830 Othman-ibn-Kohreb

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