Ali Maher Pascià

Ali Maher Pascià

Primo ministro del Regno d'Egitto
Durata mandato23 luglio 1952 –
7 settembre 1952
MonarcaFārūq I d'Egitto
Fuʾād II d'Egitto
PredecessoreAhmad Najib al-Hilali
SuccessoreMuḥammad Naǧīb

Durata mandato27 gennaio 1952 –
2 marzo 1952
MonarcaFārūq I d'Egitto
PredecessoreMustafa al-Nahhas
SuccessoreAhmad Najib al-Hilali

Durata mandato18 agosto 1939 –
28 giugno 1940
MonarcaFārūq I d'Egitto
PredecessoreMohamed Mahmoud Pasha
SuccessoreHasan Sabry Pasha

Durata mandato30 gennaio 1936 –
9 maggio 1936
MonarcaFu'ad I d'Egitto
Fārūq I d'Egitto
PredecessoreMuhammad Tawfiq Nasim Pasha
SuccessoreMustafa al-Nahhas

Dati generali
Partito politicoPartito Ittiḥād

ʿAlī Māher Pascià, in arabo علي ماهر باشا?, ʿAlī Māhir Pascià (Il Cairo, 1882Ginevra, 25 agosto 1960), è stato un politico egiziano.

Biografia

ʿAlī Māher nacque in una famiglia che aveva fornito all'Egitto politici e amministratori di rilievo. Suo padre, Muhammad Māher Pascià, era stato vice-ministro della Marina (Wakīl al-baḥriyya) e governatore del Cairo, mentre suo fratello Ahmed Maher Pascià (1888 – 24-2-1945) fu Primo ministro dal 10-10-1944 al 24-2-1945.

ʿAlī Māher, che aveva completato nel 1898 gli studi superiori nella Scuola Khediviale (Madrasat al-Khudaywiyya) del Cairo e il suo iter universitario laureandosi nel 1903 in Giurisprudenza (Madrasat al-Ḥuqūq) nell'Università Khediviale della capitale, partecipò alla Rivoluzione egiziana del 1919 che mise nominalmente fine al protettorato britannico e al Khedivato egiziano, con la nascita del Regno d'Egitto.

Sostenitore dapprima del Partito dei Liberali Costituzionali (in arabo حزب الأحرار الدستوريين?, Ḥizb al-Aḥrār al-Dustūriyyīn)[1] e poi del Partito Unionista (in arabo ﺣﺰﺏ ﺍلاﺗﺤﺎﺩ?, Ḥizb al-ittiḥād), assai vicini alla Corona, e avversario del partito nazionalista del Wafd (spesso critico nei confronti dell'acquiescenza della monarchia nei confronti della Potenza occupante), ʿAlī Māher lavorò anch'egli nell'amministrazione del suo Paese. Operò infatti al ministero dell'Informazione nel 1924 e nel 1929 si spostò al ministero delle Finanze e poi a quello della Giustizia, prima di servire per la prima volta come Primo ministro dal 30 gennaio 1936 al 9 maggio 1936. Fu nuovamente Premier dal 18 agosto 1939 al 28 giugno 1940, una terza volta dal 27 gennaio 1952 al 2 marzo 1952 e un'ultima volta dal 23 luglio al 7 settembre 1952.

Quest'ultimo mandato finì quando dovette rassegnare le dimissioni proprie e del suo governo per essersi opposto alla volontà dei Liberi Ufficiali e del Consiglio del Comando della Rivoluzione Egiziano di veder realizzata un'incisiva riforma agraria che ponesse una volta per tutte fine al plurisecolare fenomeno del latifondo nel Paese.

Note

  1. ^ Più corretta traduzione sarebbe "Partito dei Costituzionalisti Liberi", visto che il concetto di "libertà" (dal dominio straniero, in questo caso) non coincideva necessariamente con quello di "liberalismo", a causa del forte ruolo accentratore e dirigista della monarchia egiziana. Tra l'altro l'idea che si voleva all'epoca trasmettere era quella della necessità di avere una Costituzione libera da influenze esterne.

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Predecessore Primo ministro d'Egitto Successore
Muhammad Tawfiq Nasim Pascià 1936 Mustafa al-Nahhas Pascià I
Muhammad Mahmud Pascià 1939–1940 Hassan Sabri Pascià II
Mustafa al-Nahhas Pascià 1952 Ahmad Nagib Hilali Pascià III
Ahmad Nagib Hilali Pascià 1952 Muhammad Naguib IV
Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN4777405 · ISNI (EN0000 0000 5407 118X · LCCN (ENnr89013508 · GND (DE118891295X · J9U (ENHE987007448937205171

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