Kleópatra 1.

Kleópatra 1. á lágmynd frá El Kab.

Kleópatra 1. Syra eða Sýrlenska (gríska: Κλεοπάτρα Σύρα; um 204 f.Kr. – 176 f.Kr.) var drottning Egyptalands á tímum Ptólemajaríkisins. Hún var dóttir Antíokkosar mikla, konungs Selevkídaríkisins, og drottningar hans Laódíke 3. Hún giftist Ptólemajosi 5., konungi Egyptalands, í borginni Rafía (nú Rafha) árið 193 f.Kr. Hjónaband þeirra var hluti af friðarsamkomulagi milli Ptólemaja og Selevkída, að undirlagi Rómverja, eftir fimmta Sýrlandsstríðið milli ríkjanna. Þá var hann um sextán ára gamall og hún tíu ára.

Kleópatra og Ptólemajos áttu minnst þrjú börn; Kleópötru 2., Ptólemajos 6. og Ptólemajos 8.

Árið 187 f.Kr. var Kleópatra skipuð ráðherra konungs og þegar hann lést 180 f.Kr. tók hún við völdum fyrir hönd sonar síns Ptólemajosar 6. sem þá var sex ára. Hún var fyrsta drottning Ptólemaja sem ríkti ein yfir Egyptalandi. Á papýrusskjölum og peningum frá tímabilinu frá 179 til 176 f.Kr. er nafn hennar þannig ritað fyrir framan nafn sonar hennar.

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