Charles Édouard Guillaume

Charles Édouard Guillaume
Nayanak(1861-02-15)15 Pebrero 1861
Fleurier, Suisa
Natay13 Mayo 1938(1938-05-13) (tawen 77)
Sèvres, Pransia
PakipagilianSuiso
Alma materETH Zurich
Nakaam-ammuanInvar ken Elinvar
Dagiti gunggunaMedalia ni John Scott (1914)
Premio Nobel iti Pisika (1920)
Sientipiko a pagsapulan
Dagiti pagobraanPisika
Dagiti patakderBureau International des Poids et Mesures, Sèvres

Ni Charles Édouard Guillaume (15 Pebrero 1861, Fleurier, Suisa – 13 Mayo 1938, Sèvres, Pransia) ket maysa idi a Suiso a pisiko a nagungunaan iti Premio Nobel iti Pisika idi 1920 para iti pannakabigbigna iti serbisio a naitedna kadagiti panagrukod iti pisika babaen ti panagduktalna kadagiti anomalia dagiti aloy ti nikel ken landok.

Ni Guillaume ket naam-ammuan pay para iti panagduktalna kadagiti aloy ti nikel ken landok a ninagananna iti invar ken elinvar. Ti invar ket addaan iti asideg iti sero a koepisiente iti termal a panagpadakkel, a nangaramid a naserbi daytoy iti panagaramid kadagiti presision nga instrumento a dagiti dimensionda ket nasken a natalinaay urayno agdumaduma dagiti temperatura. Ti elinvar ket addaan iti asideg it isero a koepisiente iti modulus iti elektrisidad, a nangaramid a naserbi daytoy iti panagaramid kadagiti instrumento nga addaan kadagiti spring a nasken a saan a maapektaran kadagiti agdumaduma a temperatura, a kas ti kronometro ti marina. Ti elinvar ket saan pay a magnetiko, nga isu daytoy ket sekondario a naserbi a tagikua para kadagiti antimagnetiko a relo.

Kas anak ti Suiso a horologo, ni Guillaume ket nagay-ayat kadagiti kronometro ti marina. Para iti panagusar a kas ti kompensasion iti balanse, isu ket nagparang-ay iti sabali a kita ti aloy ti invar nga addaan iti negatibo a kuadratiko a koepisiente iti panagpadakkel. Ti panggep iti panagaramid iti daytoy ket ti panagikkat iti biddut ti "tengnga a temperatura" iti balanse ti pilid.[1]

Ni Guillaume ket daulo idi ti International Bureau of Weights and Measures.[1] Isu ket kimmaddua a nagobra kenni Kristian Birkeland, ken nagserbi idiay Observatoire de Paris—Section de Meudon. Isu ket nagaramid kadagiti nadumaduma nga eksperimento kadagiti termostatiko a panagrukod idiay obserbatorio. Isu ti immuna a husto a nangikeddeng ti temperatura ti limbang.

Ni Guillaume ket inasawana ni A.M. Taufflieb idi 1888, ken nagannakda iti tallo.

Dagiti pablaak

Pastel a ladawan babaen ni Marie-Louise Catherine Breslau idi 1992
  • Guillaume, Charles-Edouard (1896). "La Température de L'Espace (Ti Temperatura ti Limbang)". La Nature. 24. Naiyarkibo manipud iti kasisigud idi 2012-07-16.
  • Guillaume, Charles-Edouard (1886). "Études thermométriques (Dagiti Panagadal iti Termometria)". {{cite journal}}: Makasapul ti dakamat journal iti |journal= (tulong)
  • Guillaume, Charles-Edouard (1889). "Traité de thermométrie (Treatado iti Termometria)". {{cite journal}}: Makasapul ti dakamat journal iti |journal= (tulong)
  • Guillaume, Charles-Edouard (1894). "Unités et Étalons (Dagiti Yunit ken dagiti Alagaden)". {{cite journal}}: Makasapul ti dakamat journal iti |journal= (tulong)
  • Guillaume, Charles Édouard (1896). "Les rayons X (Rayo-ekis)". {{cite journal}}: Makasapul ti dakamat journal iti |journal= (tulong)
  • Guillaume, Charles Édouard (1898). "Recherches sur le nickel et ses alliages (Dagiti Panagsukisok iti Nikel ken dagiti Aloyna)". {{cite journal}}: Makasapul ti dakamat journal iti |journal= (tulong)
  • Guillaume, Charles Édouard (1899). "La vie de la matière (Ti Biag ti Banag)". {{cite journal}}: Makasapul ti dakamat journal iti |journal= (tulong)
  • Guillaume, Charles Édouard (1902). "La Convention du Mètre et le Bureau international des Poids et Mesures (Metrikal a Konbension ken ti Internasional nga Opisina dagiti Dagsen ken dagiti Panagrukod)". {{cite journal}}: Makasapul ti dakamat journal iti |journal= (tulong)
  • Guillaume, Charles Édouard (1904). "Les applications des aciers au nickel (Dagiti Panangipakat ti Nikel-Lanlandok". {{cite journal}}: Makasapul ti dakamat journal iti |journal= (tulong)
  • Guillaume, Charles Édouard (1907). "Des états de la matière (Dagiti Kasasaad iti Banag)". {{cite journal}}: Makasapul ti dakamat journal iti |journal= (tulong)
  • Guillaume, Charles Édouard (1907). "Les récents progrès du système métrique (Kinaudi a Progreso iti Sistema ti Metriko". {{cite journal}}: Makasapul ti dakamat journal iti |journal= (tulong)
  • Guillaume, Charles Édouard. "Initiation à la Mécanique (Pangyuna iti Mekanika)". {{cite journal}}: Makasapul ti dakamat journal iti |journal= (tulong)

Dagiti nota

  1. ^ a b Gould, p.201.

Dagiti nagibasaran

  • Nobel Lectures, Physics 1901–1921, " Charles-Edouard Guillaume – Biograpia". Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam.
  • lanl.gov, "Pakasaritaan". Dagiti pionero iti panagdur-as iti Uniberso ti Plasma.
  • Rupert Thomas Gould, The Marine Chronometer: its history and development, Holland Press, 1960.

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