Rajawali kuskus

Rajawali kuskus
Ilustrasi rajawali kuskus
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A. gurneyi
Nama binomial
Aquila gurneyi
Gray, 1860

Rajawali kuskus (Aquila gurneyi) adalah burung pemangsa dari famili Accipitridae yang menghuni Papua. Spesies ini merupakan satwa liar dilindungi di Indonesia.[2] Meski menurut Daftar Merah IUCN berstatus hampir terancam, tetapi Burton memasukkan rajawali kuskus ke "spesies terancam dengan ancaman" karena perubahan habitat.[3]

Deskripsi

Spesies burung pemangsa yang berukuran besar, seperti anggota marga Aquila yang lain. Sebagian besar bulu berwarna coklat gelap sampai hitam, bulu bagian bawah berwarna cerah sampai pada bulu sayap. Bulu ekor berbentuk bulat. Panjang tubuhnya kira-kira 74–86 cm dengan rentang sayap antara 1,65 hingga 1,9 m. Seekor individu rajawali kuskus dilaporkan memiliki berat badan 3,06 kg. Ukuran tubuh betina lebih besar dari pada individu jantan. Sayapnya tertekuk ketika menukik. Individu burung rajawali kuskus muda memiliki bulu di tulang lembusir, punggung, dan bulu pada sayap yang berwarna coklat dengan belang-belang berwarna kukingan dan abu-abu. Sedangkan bulu ekor, kepala, dan bagian bawah bergaris-garis coklat cerah, pada perut dan kaki berwarna krem.[4]

Ekologi

Satu pasang rajawali kuskus dapat menempati luas wilayah dengan rata-rata 30 km2.[5] Rajawali kuskus dapat ditemukan di lahan yang ditumbuhi oleh vegetasi belukar dan padang rumput di daerah pesisir.[6][7] Di daerah pesisir, burung ini mendiami daerah hutan bakau.[8]

Persebaran

Rajawali kuskus dapat ditemukan mulai dari Kepulauan Maluku, Papua, dan Papua Nugini. Spesies ini juga menghuni daerah dekat pantai hingga ketinggi 1.500 mdpl. Catatan keberadaan spesies ini terdapat di Kepulauan Saibai dan Boigu di barat data Selat Torres. Di sini mereka menghuni hingga daerah ketinggian yang bersalju.

Di Maluku Utara sendiri, spesies ini dapat ditemui di pulau-pulau antara lain Ternate, Tidore, Morotai, Halmahera, Bacan, Obi. Meski demikian, burung ini tidak ditemukan di Kepulauan Sula.[9][10]

Referensi

  1. ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Aquila gurneyi". Diakses tanggal 26 November 2013. 
  2. ^ "Badan Pembinaan Hukum Nasional". jdihn.go.id. Diakses tanggal 2021-08-30. [pranala nonaktif permanen]
  3. ^ Birds of Prey by Philip Burton. 1722-01-01. 
  4. ^ Ferguson-Lees, James (2001). Raptors of the world. David A. Christie. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-618-12762-3. OCLC 46660604. 
  5. ^ Røv, N.; Gjershaug, J. O. (2000). "Population Density, Territory Size and Habitat Use of Gurney's Eagle Aquila gurneyi in the North Moluccas, Indonesia" (PDF). Raptor at Risks: 677–683. 
  6. ^ Sitanala, M R; Hitipeuw, J CH; Latupapua, L (2020-05-14). "Diversity of bird species at teon nila serua subdistrict seram island moluccas". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 473: 012065. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/473/1/012065. ISSN 1755-1315. 
  7. ^ Bowler, J.; Taylor, J. (2011). "An annotated checklist of the birds of Manusela National Park, Seram. Birds recorded on the Operation Raleigh Expedition". Kukila: 3–29. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-07-11. Diakses tanggal 2021-08-17. 
  8. ^ Schrader, Julian; Parsch, Christoph; Moeljono, Soetjipto; Kalor, John D; Hofmann, Tim; Weinrich, Christoph; Mühlberger, Fabian; Stinn, Christina; Mühlenberg, Michael (2020-08-17). "An annotated bird checklist for Gam island, Raja Ampat, including field notes on species monitoring and conservation". Forest and Society. 4 (2): 310. doi:10.24259/fs.v4i2.8664. ISSN 2549-4333. 
  9. ^ White, Clayton M. (1998-07). "A Guide to the Birds of Wallacea: Sulawesi, The Moluccas and Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia Brian J. Coates K. David Bishop". The Auk. 115 (3): 811–813. doi:10.2307/4089438. ISSN 0004-8038. 
  10. ^ author., Eaton, James A. (Conservationist),. Birds of the Indonesian archipelago : Greater Sundas and Wallacea. ISBN 978-84-941892-6-5. OCLC 965193483. 

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