Pari

Batoidea
Rentang waktu: Trias Awal-Kini[1]
Mobula mobular
Klasifikasi ilmiah Sunting klasifikasi ini
Domain: Eukaryota
Kerajaan: Animalia
Filum: Chordata
Kelas: Chondrichthyes
Subkelas: Elasmobranchii
Klad: Neoselachii
Superordo: Batoidea
Ordo
Pari elang tutul, Aetobatus narinari

Ikan pari atau ikan peh adalah jenis ikan laut yang memiliki 560 spesies dan tergolong dalam 13 famili.

Jenis

Ordo Torpediniformes

Ordo Rhinopristiformes

* Penempatan dalam keluarga-keluarga ini masih tidak pasti

Ordo Rajiformes

Ordo Myliobatiformes

Anatomi

Memiliki bentuk yang pipih dan datar serta bertulang rawan.

Referensi

Martin, R. Aidan (February 2010). "Batoids: Sawfishes, Guitarfishes, Electric Rays, Skates, and Sting Rays". Elasmo research. ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research.

Motta, P.J.; Wilga, C.D. (2001). "Advances in the study of feeding behaviors, mechanisms, and mechanics of sharks". Environmental Biology of Fishes. 60 (1–3): 131–56. doi:10.1023/A:1007649900712. S2CID 28305317.

Wilga, C.A.D. (2008). "Evolutionary divergence in the feeding mechanism of fishes". Acta Geologica Polonica. 58: 113–20.

"Reproduction overall". Risk Section, Bedford Institute of Oceanography & Marine Fish Species. Canadian Shark Research Lab. Skates and rays of Atlantic Canada. Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Center. Archived from the original on 16 January 2015. Retrieved 27 May 2012.

Adams, Kye R.; Fetterplace, Lachlan C.; Davis, Andrew R.; Taylor, Matthew D.; Knott, Nathan A. (January 2018). "Sharks, rays and abortion: The prevalence of capture-induced parturition in elasmobranchs". Biological Conservation. 217: 11–27. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2017.10.010. S2CID 90834034. Archived from the original on 2019-02-23. Retrieved 2018-12-09.

Benton, M. J. (2005). Vertebrate Palaeontology (3rd ed.). Blackwell. Fig 7.13 on page 185. ISBN 978-0-632-05637-8.

Stumpf, Sebastian; Kriwet, Jürgen (2019). "A new Pliensbachian elasmobranch (Vertebrata, Chondrichthyes) assemblage from Europe, and its contribution to the understanding of late Early Jurassic elasmobranch diversity and distributional patterns". PalZ. 93 (4): 637–658. doi:10.1007/s12542-019-00451-4.

"Chondrichthyes: Fossil Record". University of California Museum of Paleontology. U.C. Berkeley.

This reference is defined in a template or other generated block, and for now can only be previewed in source mode. This reference is defined in a template or other generated block, and for now can only be previewed in source mode. This reference is defined in a template or other generated block, and for now can only be previewed in source mode.

Pacoureau, Nathan; Rigby, Cassandra L.; Kyne, Peter M.; Sherley, Richard B.; Winker, Henning; Carlson, John K.; Fordham, Sonja V.; Barreto, Rodrigo; Fernando, Daniel; Francis, Malcolm P.; Jabado, Rima W.; Herman, Katelyn B.; Liu, Kwang-Ming; Marshall, Andrea D.; Pollom, Riley A.; Romanov, Evgeny V.; Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Yin, Jamie S.; Kindsvater, Holly K.; Dulvy, Nicholas K. (2021). "Half a century of global decline in oceanic sharks and rays". Nature. 589 (7843): 567–571. Bibcode:2021Natur.589..567P. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03173-9. hdl:10871/124531. PMID 33505035. S2CID 231723355.

Briggs, Helen (28 January 2021). "Extinction: 'Time is running out' to save sharks and rays". BBC News. Retrieved 29 January 2021.

Richardson, Holly (27 January 2021). "Shark, ray populations have declined by 'alarming' 70 per cent since 1970s, study finds". ABC News. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 29 January 2021.

  1. ^ Stevens, J. & Last, P.R. (1998), Paxton, J.R. & Eschmeyer, W.N., ed., Encyclopedia of Fishes, San Diego: Academic Press, hlm. 60, ISBN 0-12-547665-5 

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