Pak-koán

Pertunjukkan musik Pak-koán di Kuil Chenghuang Hsinchu.

Pak-koán atau pak-kuán (北管) adalah nama genre musik tradisional rakyat Taiwan. Tidak seperti lâm-koán ("Musik Selatan") yang berciri-khas lembut, Pak-koán ("Musik Utara") adalah kebalikannya, yakni musik yang bersifat meriah dan dimainkan dengan alat-alat perkusi yang kencang.

Musik pak-koán aslinya dimainkan untuk berbagai acara, antara lain penghormatan bagi dewa-dewi di kuil, parade keagamaan, perayaan (festival), hingga acara-acara penting yang bersifat kekeluargaan.[1] Pak-koán dianggap sebagai bagian penting dari kehidupan masyarakat Taiwan karena fungsinya yang cukup banyak dalam memeriahkan acara.[1]

Musik religius

Asal mula pak-koán dapat ditelusuri hingga periode Dinasti Qing.[2] Para imigran dari Provinsi Fujian bagian selatan memperkenalkan dan mengembangkan musik ini di Taiwan.[2] Musik ini bersifat religius karena dipertunjukkan untuk "membangungkan" para dewa dan memohon perlindungan (menolak bala).[2] Banyak pemusik pak-koán tergabung dalam keanggotaan kelenteng (kuil) di mana mereka berlatih atau tampil pada setiap acara-acara penting.[2] Umumnya hampir setiap komunitas atau kuil di Taiwan memiliki grup musik pak-koán.

Alat musik

  • rebab (吊規仔)
  • terompet suona (嗩呐)
  • gitar tiga senar (三弦)
  • rebab (榖仔弦)
  • gong kecil (小鑼)
  • gong besar (大鑼)
  • gong besar (大銅鑼)
  • simbal besar (小鈸)
  • simbal kecil (大鈸)
  • genderang (板鼓)
  • genderang besar (堂鼓)
  • bilah bambu (板)
  • kecapi yangqin (揚琴)

Galeri

Referensi

  1. ^ a b Beiguan, literally "the northern pipes"...
  2. ^ a b c d Taiwan Culture: Interview with Beiguan Musician Chen Wenji, keelung for a walk. Melinda. Akses: 10-10-2021.

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