Massa udara

Massa udara adalah volume udara yang ditentukan oleh suhu dan kandungan uap air. Massa udara menyebar sepanjang ratusan atau ribuan kilometer dan beradaptasi dengan permukaan di bawahnya. Massa udara diklasifikasikan menurut garis lintang dan wilayah daratan atau lautan. Massa udara yang dingin disebut kutub atau artik, sedangkan massa udara yang lebih hangat disebut tropis.

Massa udara

Klasifikasi

Klasifikasi Bergeron adalah bentuk klasifikasi massa udara yang paling diterima secara luas.[1] Klasifikasi massa udara menggunakan tiga huruf. Huruf pertama menggambarkan sifat kelembabannya, dengan "c" digunakan untuk massa udara kontinental (kering) dan "m" untuk massa udara maritim (lembab). Huruf kedua melambangkan wilayah sumber massa udara: "T" untuk Tropis, "P" untuk Polar, "A" untuk Arktik atau Antartika, "M" untuk Monsun, "E" untuk Ekuator, dan "S" untuk udara superior (udara yang mengeringkan dan menghangat secara adiabatik yang dihasilkan oleh gerakan ke bawah yang signifikan di atmosfer). Huruf ketiga melambangkan kestabilan massa udara, "k" untuk massa udara lebih dingin daripada permukaan di bawahnya dan "w" untuk massa udara yang lebih hangat daripada permukaan di bawahnya.[2] Sebagai contoh, massa udara kutub yang bertiup di atas Arus teluk, dilambangkan sebagai "cPk".[3]

Rujukan

  1. ^ H. C. Willett (June 1933). "American Air Mass Properties" (PDF). Papers in Physical Oceanography and Meteorology. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 2 (2): 5. Diakses tanggal 31 Desember 2020. 
  2. ^ American Meteorological Society. "airmass classification". glossary.ametsoc.org. Diakses tanggal 31 Desember 2020. 
  3. ^ Saha, Pijushkanti (2012-06-05). Modern Climatology (dalam bahasa Inggris). Allied Publishers. hlm. 121. ISBN 978-81-8424-756-5. 

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