Ali Hassan Mwinyi

Ali Hassan Mwinyi
Mwinyi pada 2009
Presiden Tanzania ke-2
Masa jabatan
5 November 1985 – 23 November 1995
Perdana MenteriJoseph Warioba
John Malecela
Cleopa Msuya
Wakil PresidenWakil Presiden Pertama
Joseph Warioba
John Malecela
Cleopa Msuya
Wakil Presiden Kedua
Idris Abdul Wakil
Salmin Amour
Presiden Zanzibar ke-3
Masa jabatan
30 Januari 1984 – 24 Oktober 1985
Wakil Presiden Pertama
Masa jabatan
30 Januari 1984 – 5 November 1985
PresidenJulius Nyerere
Wakil Presiden KeduaKosong
Sebelum
Pendahulu
Aboud Jumbe
Pengganti
Joseph Warioba
Sebelum
Informasi pribadi
Lahir(1925-05-08)8 Mei 1925
Kivure, Wilayah Tanganyika
(sekarang Tanzania)
Meninggal29 Februari 2024(2024-02-29) (umur 98)
Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
KebangsaanTanzanian
Partai politikCCM
Suami/istri
(m. 1960)
Anak12 (termasuk Hussein)
AlmamaterUniversitas Terbuka Tanzania
Sunting kotak info
Sunting kotak info • L • B
Bantuan penggunaan templat ini

Ali Hassan Mwinyi (8 Mei 1925 – 29 Februari 2024) adalah seorang politikus Tanzania yang menjabat sebagai presiden kedua Republik Persatuan Tanzania dari tahun 1985 hingga 1995. Jabatan sebelumnya antara lain Menteri Dalam Negeri dan Wakil Presiden. Ia juga merupakan ketua partai yang berkuasa, Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) dari tahun 1990 hingga 1996.[1]

Pada masa pemerintahan Mwinyi, Tanzania mengambil langkah pertama untuk membalikkan kebijakan sosialis Julius Nyerere.[2] Dia melonggarkan pembatasan impor dan mendorong perusahaan swasta. Pada masa jabatan keduanya, politik multi-partai diperkenalkan di bawah tekanan reformasi dari sumber-sumber asing dan dalam negeri. Sering disebut sebagai Mzee Rukhsa ("semuanya berjalan lancar"), ia mendorong liberalisasi moral, kepercayaan, nilai-nilai (tanpa melanggar hukum), dan ekonomi.[3]

Kehidupan awal

Mwinyi lahir pada tanggal 8 Mei 1925 di desa Kivure, Wilayah Pwani, tempat ia juga dibesarkan.[4] Ia kemudian pindah ke Zanzibar dan mengenyam pendidikan dasar di Sekolah Dasar Mangapwani di Mangapwani, Wilayah Barat Zanzibar. Mwinyi kemudian bersekolah di Sekolah Menengah Mikindani Dole di Dole, Wilayah Barat Zanzibar. Dari tahun 1945 hingga 1964 ia bekerja berturut-turut sebagai tutor, guru, dan kepala sekolah di berbagai sekolah sebelum memutuskan untuk terjun ke dunia politik nasional.[5]

Referensi

  1. ^ Europa Publications (2003). The International Who's Who 2004. Routledge. hlm. 1193. ISBN 1-85743-217-7. 
  2. ^ Brennan, James R.; Burton, Andrew (2007). Dar es Salaam: histories from an emerging African metropolis. African Books Collective. hlm. 252. ISBN 978-9987-449-70-5. 
  3. ^ Cowen, Michael; Laakso, Liisa (2002). Multi-party elections in Africa. James Currey. hlm. 295. ISBN 0-85255-843-0. 
  4. ^ Lentz, Harris M. (4 February 2014). Heads of States and Governments Since 1945. Routledge. hlm. 742. ISBN 978-1-134-26490-2. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 1 March 2024. Diakses tanggal 29 February 2024. 
  5. ^ Mwinyi, Ndugu Ali Hassan. ukwhoswho.com. Who's Who. 2019 (edisi ke-December 2007 online). A & C Black, imprint Bloomsbury Publishing plc.  Akses tertutup

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