Sinkrona rotacija

Sinkrona rotacija je pojava kada period ophoda planeta oko matične zvijezde ili satelita oko matičnog planeta traje jednako kao i period rotacije tog planeta ili satelita. U tom je slučaju uvijek ista strana planeta/satelita okrenuta matičnoj zvijezdi/planetu.

U slučaju kada orbita tijela koje ima sinkronu rotaciju nije savršena kružnica ili osi rotacije obaju tijela nisu paralelne događaju se mala kolebanja oko ravnotežnog položaja, takozvane libracije (u širini i duljini). Mjesec je u sinkronoj rotaciji sa Zemljom, ali zbog naginjanja zbog libracije je sa Zemlje vidljivo 59% Mjesečeve površine (naravno, ne u isto vrijeme).[1] Zemljina rotacija nije sinkrona s Mjesecom. Međutim, postoje sustavi gdje su oba tijela jedno s drugim u sinkronoj rotaciji, kao što je to slučaj kod Plutona i njegovog satelita Harona.[2]

Nijedan planet u Sunčevom sustavu nije u sinkronoj rotaciji sa Suncem. Svojedobno se vjerovalo da je Merkur u sinkronoj rotaciji, no detaljnija promatranja dovela su do zaključka da se radi o rezonanci omjera 3 : 2 — Merkur se tri puta okrene oko svoje osi dok dva puta prođe svojom orbitom. Moguće je da je takva rezonanca nastala umjesto sinkrone rotacije zbog velikog ekscentriciteta Merkurove orbite.

Izvori

  1. ↑ Mjesečeva libracija, Zvjezdarnica Zagreb. Pristupljeno 9. 12. 2020.
  2. ↑ Pluton, Hrvatska enciklopedija. Pristupljeno 9. 12. 2020.

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