Muzej povijesti umjetnosti u Beču

Muzej povijesti umjetnosti u Beču
Osnovan 1871.
Smještaj Burgring 1, Beč, Austrija
Vrsta Umjetnički muzej
Broj posjetitelja 559.150 (2010.)[1]
Ravnatelj Sabine Haag
Službena stranica www.khm.at

Muzej povijesti umjetnosti u Beču (njemački: Kunsthistorisches Museum) je muzej umjetnosti u Beču (Austrija) koji je smješten u reprezentativnoj palači na Ringstraßeu. Njegova kolekcija obuhvaća djela od starog Egipta do 18. stoljeća, od čega se osobito vrijednom ističe kolekcija renesansnih i baroknih slika talijanske, njemačke, flamanske i španjolske slikarske škole.[2]

Unutarnje predvorje muzeja

Povijest

Tlocrt muzeja

Muzej povijesti umjetnosti je izgrađen kako bi udomio dragocjenu habsburšku kolekciju umjetnina, ali i kako bi ona bila dostupna javnosti. Otvorio ga je 1891. godine, iste godine kad i Prirodoslovno-povijesni muzej u Beču (Naturhistorisches Museum), Austro-Ugarski car Franjo Josip I.[2] Oba ova muzeja imaju identične vanjštine i gledaju jedan u drugi preko trga Marije Terezije (Maria-Theresien-Platz). Oba su također izgrađena od 1872. – 91. godine prema planovima arhitekata Gottfrieda Sempera i Karla Freiherra von Hasenauera. Semper je želio obnoviti ideju rimskog foruma s dvije simetrične neobarokne muzejske palače preko puta carske palače Hofburg i velikog pristupnog trga Heldenplatz. Između palača smjestio je veliki trg-park Marije Terezije s velikim spomenikom carice u središtu.

Sama građevina je kvadratičnog plana sa središnjom osmerokutnom kupolom, visine 60 m, iznad glavnog pročelja od pješčenjaka. Unutrašnjost je raskošno ukrašena mramorom, štukom, zlatom i slikama.

Kolekcija

Leopold Wilhelm Austrijski u posjetu gornjoj galeriji oko 1651.
Johannes Vermeer, Umjetnost slikanja, 1666.

Glavna kolekcija muzeja je ona Habsburgovaca, i čini ju ponajviše portreti i oklopi koje su skupili Ferdinand II. Tirolski i car Rudolf II., te slike koje je skupio nadvojvoda Leopold Wilhelm Austrijski.[3]

Pored njih, tu su smještene i kolekcije staroegipatskih i bliskoistočnih umjetnina, starogrčkih i starorimskih umjetnina, kolekcija skulptura i djela primijenjenih umjetnosti, kabineti kovanica i knjižnica.

U novom krilu palače Hofburg smještena je kolekcija umjetnina iz starogrčkog Efeza (na današnjoj Turskoj obali), nastala tijekom sedam ekspedicija od 1896. – 1906. god. Pored ove kolekcije u palači Hofburg se nalaze i druge kojima upravlja uprava Muzeja povijesti umjetnosti: zbirka starih muzičkih instrumenata, zbirka dvorskih lovačkih trofeja, te Carski trezor s vladarskim predmetima austrijskog nadvojvodstva, Austrijskog Carstva i Svetog Rimskog Carstva. Muzej povijesti umjetnosti upravlja i kolekcijom carskih kočija i automobila u dvorcu Schönbrunn, te kolekcijom nadvojvode Ferdinanda II. u dvorcu Ambrasu u Innsbrucku (od 1950.). Od siječnja 2001. god. i Etnološki muzej na Heldenplatzu i Austrijski muzej kazališta na trgu Lobkowitz priključeni su Muzeju povijesti umjetnosti.

Neke od slavnih umjetnina muzeja:


Izvori

Logotip Zajedničkog poslužitelja
Logotip Zajedničkog poslužitelja
Zajednički poslužitelj ima još gradiva o temi Muzej povijesti umjetnosti u Beču
  1. Broj posjetitelja svjetskih muzeja 2010.Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice od 5. srpnja 2012. (Wayback Machine), The Art Newspaper (engl.) Pristupljeno 4. kolovoza 2017.
  2. a b The Museum (engleski). Kunsthistorisches Museum. Pristupljeno 25. lipnja 2012.
  3. Kunsthistorisches Museum (engleski). Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Pristupljeno 25. lipnja 2012.

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