דחף מיוטי

דחף מיוטי הוא העברתו של עותק אחד של גן כלשהו לצאצאים בשיעור של למעלה מ-50%, וזאת בניגוד לצפי של העברה ממוצעת בשיעור של 50%. זה סוג של קונפליקט בין-גנומי (אנ') לפיו לוקוס אחד או יותר בתוך הגנום יתפעל את תהליך המיוזה כך שאחד או יותר מהאללים יועדפו על חשבון רעהו, וזאת ללא קשר לביטויו הפנוטיפי.

דחף מיוטי הוא "שינוי אופן פעולתה של המיוזה, כך שגנים ספציפיים מועדפים בתהליך ההעברה לצאצא. דחף מיוטי בדרך כלל גורם להפרדה ולהעדפה של אזורים קטנים בגנום".[1]

במחקר של ג'ון דידיון ופרננדו פארדו-מנואל דה וילנה נמצאו ראיות לכך שגן מסוים בעכברים (r2d2 – "משיב לדחף מיוטי 2" – responder to meiotic drive 2) הועבר יותר מ-50% מהזמן.[2] לפי החוק הראשון והשני של גרגור מנדל, חוק ההפרדה הגזעית וחוק המיון העצמאי (חוקי התורשה של מנדל), יש סיכוי אקראי של כל אלל להיות מועבר לצאצאים, אבל נראה שגנים "אנוכיים" מפירים חוקים אלה.

הערות שוליים

  1. ^ Edward S. Buckler IV, Tara L. Phelps-Durr, Carlyn S, Keith Buckler, R. Kelly Dawe, John F. Doebley and Timothy P. Holtsford (1999). "Meiotic Drive of Chromosomal Knobs Reshaped the Maize Genome". Genetics. 153 (1): 415–426. PMC 1460728. PMID 10471723.{{cite journal}}: תחזוקה - ציטוט: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ "R2d2 beats Mendel: Scientists find selfish gene that breaks long-held law of inheritance". Phys.org. 11 בפברואר 2015. נבדק ב-9 ביוני 2016. {{cite web}}: (עזרה)

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