Pláinéad

Ceithre phláinéad sa ghrianchóras: Mearcair, Véineas, an Domhan agus Mars.

Is éard is pláinéad ann ná rinn neimhe a chomhlíonann na coinníollacha seo leanas: tá sí ag fithisiú (ag dul timpeall ar) réalta; níl sí sách téagartha le go dtosódh comhleá na núicléas inti; tá sí chomh mór agus go bhfuil déanamh sféarúil (déanamh na liathróide) fágtha uirthi ag an imtharraingt; agus tá sí chomh mór is a ghlanann sí na hastaróidigh agus na abhacphláinéadaigh ón réigiún spáis ina timpeall. Maidir leis an téarma féin, focal Gréigise a bhí ann ar dtús: πλανήτης, planētēs, a chiallaíonn fánaí.

I nGaeilge na Gaeltachta, is féidir úsáid a bhaint as an bhfocal pláinéad sa chiall réalta, nó tugann Muiris Ó Súilleabháin "an pláinéad beannaithe" ar an nGrian. Cé gur úsáid dheas fhileata atá ann, is léir nach bhfuil sí ag teacht le ciall an fhocail i dtéarmaíocht chruinn na réalteolaíochta. Is féidir, freisin, "pláinéad" a thabhairt ar an mí-ádh, ar an "gcat mara": an duine "a bhfuil pláinéad anuas air", nó an duine "a rugadh faoi dhrochphláinéad", is duine é nach bhfuil an saol ag éirí leis. Is dócha go bhfuil baint ag na teilgeanacha cainte leis an astralaíocht.

Roimh Mhí Lúnasa sa bhliain 2006, ba nós leis na réalteolaithe a rá go raibh naoi bpláinéad sa Ghrianchóras, mar atá, Mearcair, Véineas, an Domhan, Mars, Iúpatar, Satarn, Úránas, Neiptiún, agus Plútón. I Mí Lúnasa 2006, áfach, tháinig Cumann Idirnáisiúnta na Réalteolaíochta le chéile le sainmhíniú neamhdhébhríoch a oibriú amach don phláinéad, agus ba é an sainmhíniú ba toradh don chruinniú sin ná an ceann thuasluaite. Ba é oighear an scéil, áfach, nár chomhlíon Plútón na coinníollacha. Thairis sin, tá fithis Phlútóin claonta éalárnach, ionas go gcaitheann sé tréimhse fhada dá imrothlú taobh istigh d'fhithis Neiptiúin. Cé go bhfuil fithis Phlútóin neamhghnách go leor i gcomparáid leis na pláinéid eile, tá cuid mhór réad i gCrios Kuiper agus iad ag timpeallú na Gréine ar aon choiscéim le Plútón. "Plúitíonónna" a thugtar ar na réada seo, is é sin, "Plútóin bheaga", agus tar éis an tsaoil, níl i bPlútón féin, i ndiaidh an iomláin, ach an plúitíonó ba thúisce a d'aithin na heolaithe. Ó nach dtugtar "pláinéid" ar na plúitíonónna eile ach oiread le Plútón féin, ghlac na heolaithe leis nach "pláinéad" a bhí i bPlútón ach an oiread. Cruthaíodh téarma nua, mar atá, "abhacphláinéad", le tagairt do na cinn is mó de na hastaróidigh agus de réada Kuiper, cosúil le Plútón. Inniu, aithnítear Plútón, Ceiréas, Makemake, Eris, agus Haumea mar abhacphláinéid.

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