Francis Jobson (cartagrafaí)

Infotaula de personaFrancis Jobson
Gníomhaíocht
Gairmcartagrafaí, suirbhéir talún Cuir in eagar ar Wikidata
Tréimhse oibre1583 –  1609

Bhí Francis Jobson (fl. 1600) ar na suirbhéirí agus na cartghrafaithe a sholáthair léarscáileanna d’Éirinn do rialtas Shasana i ndeireadh an 16ú haois agus i dtús an 17ú haois. Rinneadh é seo chun go bhféadfadh lucht plandála an tír a shealbhú, ach tá a lán eolais le baint as léarscáileanna den saghas sin ar shaol na nGael agus ar dhreach na tíre ag an am.

Cartagrafaíocht

Cúige Mumhan

Rinneadh coimisinéirí de chuid na Corónach suirbhé na Deasmhumhan agus suirbhé Peyton tar éis gur ceapadh iad sa bhliain 1584 chun scrúdú a dhéanamh ar na tailte a coigistíodh in Éirinn i ndiaidh an éirí amach i nDeasmhumhain. Bhí na chéad suirbhéanna seo críochnaithe faoin mbliain 1586, rud ab éigean a dhéanamh chun plandáil na Mumhan a chur ar bun.

An léarscáil is mó cáil den saghas seo is í “The Provence of Munster” (1589) í. Bhí Jobson ar an gceathrar suirbhéirí a bhí ag tomhas na dtailte coigistithe. (Ba iad Robins, Lawson agus Whiteacre na suirbhéirí eile.) Ar chiumhais na léarscáile tá litir ó Jobson chun Burghley: deir sé inti gur chaith sé beagnach trí bliana ag déanamh suirbhéireachta ar thailte coigistithe Chúige Mumhan. Cé go n-admhaíonn Jobson nach bhfuil an léarscáil gan locht, déanann sí na tiarnais a léiriú go soiléir.[1]

Cúige Uladh

Bhí gá le léarscáileanna de Chúige Uladh faoin mbliain 1603, nuair a bhí an concas Eilíseach á chur i gcrích. Bhí Jobson páirteach sa tionscadal seo. Níor ghnó gan chontúirt é: thug Jobson cuntas ar “a most savage and rebellious people from whose cruelty God only by his divine power delivered me being every hour in danger to lose my head”. (Baineadh an ceann de Richard Bartlett, suirbhéir oilte, i dTír Chonaill sa bhliain 1609: mar a scríobh an tArd-Aighne an Ridire John Davies, “when he came into Tyrconnell the inhabitants took off his head, because they would not have their country discovered”.)[2]

Bhí Davies ar choiste na bplandálacha i Londain. In Eanáir 1609 foilsíodh scéim a chuir síos ar roinnt na talún agus ar na coinníollacha a bheadh ag gabháil léi. Bhí gá, mar sin, le suirbhéanna. Rinneadh dhá cheann agus na suirbhéirí ag dul amach ag breacadh nótaí: “These surveyors, being returned to the camp, out of their notes drew up cards or maps wherein every ballibo [baile bó] is named and placed in his proper situation” (Davies). Cuireadh na léarscáileanna chun Londan agus chuir Rí Séamas I an-suim iontu.

Ba é Jobson a rinne an léarscáil i gColáiste na Tríonóide a dtugtar “The provence of Ulster” uirthi.[3]

Tréithe na léarscáileanna

Taispeánann léarscáileanna Jobson agus na gcairtghrafaithe eile caisleáin, sléibhte, lochanna, aibhneacha agus áthanna, oileáin, coillte, portaigh agus eaglaisí. Tá íomhánna long, bád, cóstaí agus calaí le feiceáil ann freisin.[4][5]

Nótaí

  1. Introduction to the Desmond Surveys: http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/E580000-001/text004.html
  2. Dr Jonathan Bardon: A Narrow Sea – Episode 22, Making Ulster Visible: http://www.bbc.co.uk/ulsterscots/library/a-narrow-sea-episode-22
  3. The provence of Ulster, Francis Jobson (1590), TCD MS 1209/15, Bunachar Logainmneacha na hÉireann: http://www.logainm.ie/eolas/Data/TCD/tcd-ulster.jpg Curtha i gcartlann 2013-06-12 ar an Wayback Machine
  4. Irish maps c.1558-c.1610: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/records/irish-maps-state-papers.htm
  5. Map of the Ulster counties by Francis Jobson, with the names of the principal proprietors http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/9200135/69944FCE104B1D698405C0F1EE771D23C51E079B.html

Tagairtí

  • Andrews, J.H. (1997). Shapes of Ireland: Maps and Their Makers 1564-1839. Dublin: Geography Publications.

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