Leafwâld

It Zoniënwoud, by Brussel.

In leafwâld of leafbosk, of, om wat sekuerder te wêzen, in tuskenbeiden leafwâld of tuskenbeiden leafferliezend wâld, is in wâldsoarte dy't hielendal of fierhinne bestiet út leafbeammen en leafstrûken, dy't hjerstmis har blêden ferlieze.

Leafwâlden komm fral foar yn gebieten dêr't in dúdlike seizoenswikseling bestiet, sûnder ektreme temperatueren (dus gjin smoarhjitte simmers of iiskâlde winters). Wol moat der frijwol it hiele jier troch rein falle. Oangeande lânoerflak meitsje leafwâlden sa'n 5% fan 'e wrâld út. Se komme benammentlik foar op it noardlik healrûn, yn Noardwest-, Midden- en East-Jeropa, it Fiere Easten fan Ruslân, Koreä, noardlik Sina, Japan en de eastlike Feriene Steaten. Op it súdlik healrûn bestiet tuskenbeiden leafferliezend wâld inkeld yn súdlik Sily.

In leafwâld hat in groeiseizoen fan 4 oant 6 moannen. Yn 'e beammen libje fral fûgels, ynsekten en kjifdieren, wylst de wâldboaiem ek gaadlik is foar gruttere sûchdieren, sawol plante-iters as rôfdieren. Op iepen plakken yn it wâld groeit net inkeld leafferliezend strewelleguod, mar ek lytsere planten, lykas gerzen, krûden en blommen. Mei't dy ljocht brek binne dat yn it wâld sels troch it blêdetek fan 'e beammen tsjinholden wurdt, sille dy op 'e eigentlike wâldboaiem allinnich oan 'e ein fan 'e winter en yn 'e iere maityd foarkomme, as de beammen noch gjin blêdt hawwe. De grûn fan in leafwâld bestiet út in fiedingsrike humuslaach, dy't ûntstiet troch it ferrottingsproses fan 'e blêden dy't dêr hjerstmis delfalle.

Yn Nederlân binne de measte bosken leafwâlden. Nullewâld komt wol foar, mar liedt hjir troch de te waarme temperatuer mar in sieltôgjend bestean. Dêrby moat oantekene wurde dat alle bosken yn Nederlân kultuerbosken binne, dy't troch de minske oanplante binne en faak ek ûnderholden wurde. It lêste stikje oerwâld yn Nederlân, op 'e Feluwe, waard oan 'e ein fan 'e njoggentjinde iuw kappe.

Boarnen, noaten en referinsjes

Boarnen, noaten en/as referinsjes:

Foar boarnen en oare literatuer, sjoch ûnder: References, op dizze side.

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