Spes (déesse)

Spes
Image illustrative de l’article Spes (déesse)
Caractéristiques
Nom latin Spes
Équivalent(s) Elpis
Région de culte Rome antique

Spes (prononcé [ˈspeːs], nom signifiant en latin « espérance ») est, dans la religion romaine, la déesse de l'Espérance. De nombreux temples de Spes sont connus et les inscriptions indiquent que la déesse recevait aussi bien un culte public que privé[1].

Spes au cours du temps

Spes républicaine

Les colonnes du temple de Spes dans le Forum Holitorium ont ensuite été intégrées à la basilique San Nicola in Carcere.

Au cours de la République, un temple de « l'ancienne Espérance » (Spes vetus) aurait été situé près de la porta Maggiore[2]. Il a été associé à des événements qui se sont produits au Ve siècle av. J.-C.[3] mais son existence en tant que quoi que ce soit sauf peut-être un sanctuaire privé a été mise en doute[4].

Un temple de Spes bien documenté a été construit par Aulus Atilius Calatinus[5] avec Fides, à la suite de vœux (vota) faits à ces déesses pendant la première guerre punique[6].

À Capoue en 110 av. J.-C., un temple a été construit à la triade de Spes, Fides et Fortuna[7].

Spes impériale

Spes était l'une des personnifications divines du culte impérial des Vertus. Spes Augusta était l'Espérance associée à la capacité de l'empereur en tant qu'Auguste d'assurer des conditions bénies[8].

Comme Salus ("Salut, Sécurité"), Ops ("Abondance, Prospérité") et Victoria ("Victoire"), Spes était un pouvoir qui devait venir des dieux, contrairement aux pouvoirs divins qui résidaient dans l'individu tels comme Mens ("Intelligence"), Virtus ("Vertu") et Fides ("Foi, Fidélité, Fiabilité")[9].

La Elpis grecque

L'homologue grec de Spes était la déesse Elpis, qui en revanche n'avait aucun culte formel en Grèce. Le mythe principal dans lequel Elpis joue un rôle est l'histoire de Pandore. Les Grecs avaient des sentiments ambivalents, voire négatifs sur "l'espoir"[10], et le concept était sans importance dans les systèmes philosophiques des stoïciens et des épicuriens[11].

Représentations

Spes est représentée sous la figure d'une jeune femme gracieuse et souriante qui tient des fleurs à la main. Une ancre a été rajoutée à ses attributs à l'époque moderne, mais est absente des représentations antiques de Spes[12].

Spes dans la culture populaire

  • Dans Le Sang de l'Olympe (2014), dernier volume de la série de romans Les héros de l'Olympe de Rick Riordan, la fête de Spes est une fête en l'honneur de la déesse célébrée par les Romains le 1er aout. Gaïa, l'antagoniste principale de la série, compte détruire le monde le jour de cette fête pour retirer l'espoir de toute personne dans le monde.

Voir aussi

Pages connexes

Liens externes

Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :

Notes et références

  1. J. Rufus Fears (en), « The Cult of Virtues and Roman Imperial Ideology », Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt, II, 17, 2 (1981), p. 837.
  2. Frontin, De aquaeductu (en) 1.19; Arnaldo Momigliano, "Religion in Athens, Rome, and Jerusalem in the First Century B.C.," dans On Pagans, Jews, and Christians (Wesleyan University Press, 1987), p. 75.
  3. Livy 2.51.2; Denys d'Halicarnasse 9.24.4; Momigliano, "Religion in Athens, Rome, and Jerusalem," p. 75.
  4. Fears, "The Cult of Virtues," p. 848.
  5. Cicero, De legibus 2.28; Momigliano, "Religion in Athens, Rome, and Jerusalem," p. 75.
  6. Fears, "The Cult of Virtues," p. 835.
  7. Inscriptiones Latinae selectae 3770; Momigliano, "Religion in Athens, Rome, and Jerusalem," p. 75.
  8. J. Rufus Fears, "The Theology of Victory at Rome: Approaches and Problem," Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt II.17.2 (1981), pp. 812–814.
  9. Fears, "The Theology of Victory at Rome," p. 744.
  10. Momigliano, "Religion in Athens, Rome, and Jerusalem," p. 75. Par exemple, dans Les Suppliantes d'Euripide, l'Espoir est qualifiée de " illusoire ; elle a brouillé bien des États " (ligne 479), cité par Momigliano.
  11. Momigliano, "Religion in Athens, Rome, and Jerusalem," p. 75.
  12. Page sur Spes ou l'Espérance sur cosmovisions.com

Read other articles:

Gesta Hungarorum juga dapat mengacu kepada Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum yang ditulis oleh Simon dari Kéza. Halaman pertama manuskrip dalam bahasa Latin. Gesta Hungarorum atau Tindakan-Tindakan Orang-Orang Hungaria adalah kronik pertama mengenai orang-orang Hungaria. Karya ini ditulis oleh seseorang tak bernama yang dijuluki Anonymus oleh para sejarawan. Karya ini kemungkinan besar ditulis pada abad ke-13. Gesta disimpan di Wina selama berabad-abad dan kini merupakan bagian dari koleksi Perpu...

 

American philosopher, diplomat, and educator (1862–1947) Not to be confused with Nickolas Butler. Nicholas Butler12th President of Columbia UniversityIn office1902–1945Preceded bySeth LowSucceeded byFrank D. Fackenthal (Acting) Personal detailsBorn(1862-04-02)April 2, 1862Elizabeth, New Jersey, U.S.DiedDecember 7, 1947(1947-12-07) (aged 85)New York City, New York, U.S.Political partyRepublicanSpousesSusanna Edwards SchuylerKate La MontagneEducationColumbia University (BA, MA, PhD)Sig...

 

Este artículo o sección necesita referencias que aparezcan en una publicación acreditada.Este aviso fue puesto el 21 de enero de 2013. Walmart Tipo HipermercadoIndustria Comercio minoristaFundación 2 de julio 1991 (32 años)Sede central Ciudad de México, MéxicoMarcas Great Value, Aurrerá, Equate, Atlethic Works, Medi-MartPropietario Walmart de México y CentroaméricaSitio web www.walmartmexico.com.mx[editar datos en Wikidata] Walmart (México) (nombre comercial de Inter...

Рут Гбагбі(фр. Ruth Marie Christelle Gbagbi)Загальна інформаціяГромадянство  Кот-д'ІвуарНародження 7 лютого 1994(1994-02-07) (29 років)Абіджан, Кот-д'ІвуарЗріст 172 смВага 65 кгСпортКраїна  Кот-д'ІвуарВид спорту тхеквондо Участь і здобутки Нагороди Спортивні медалі Представник  Кот-д'Івуа

 

Mass executions carried out by Nazi Germany in Poland Polish women led to mass execution in a forest near Palmiry 52°20′N 20°44′E / 52.33°N 20.74°E / 52.33; 20.74The Palmiry massacre was a series of mass executions carried out by Nazi German forces, during World War II, near the village of Palmiry in the Kampinos Forest northwest of Warsaw. Massacres Between December 1939 and July 1941 more than 1700 Poles and Jews – mostly inmates of Warsaw's Pawiak pris...

 

Artikel ini bukan mengenai Takao Doi. Takako DoiKetua Partai Sosialis JepangMasa jabatan1986–1991PendahuluMasashi IshibashiPenggantiMakoto TanabeKetua Partai Demokratik SosialMasa jabatan1996–2003PendahuluTomiichi MurayamaPenggantiMizuho Fukushima Informasi pribadiLahir(1928-11-30)30 November 1928Kobe, HyōgoMeninggal20 September 2014(2014-09-20) (umur 85)Prefektur Hyogo, JapanPartai politikPartai Sosialis Jepang, Partai Demokratik SosialSunting kotak info • L • B Takak...

Movement advocating all Muslims under one Islamic state Islam by country:     Sunni     Shia   Ibadi Part of a series onIslamism Fundamentals Islam History Culture Economics Politics Secularism Ideologies Islamism Qutbism Khomeinism Salafi movement International propagation by country/region Shia Islamism Islamic fundamentalism Concepts Apostasy in Islam Takfir Caliphate Islam and democracy Islamic socialism Islamic state Islamic monarchy Islamic republic Is...

 

This article is about acids in chemistry. For other uses, see Acid (disambiguation). Acidity and acidic redirect here. For the novelette, see Acidity (novelette). For the band, see Acidic (band). Chemical compound giving a proton or accepting an electron pair Zinc, a typical metal, reacting with hydrochloric acid, a typical acid Acids and bases Acceptor number Acid Acid–base reaction Acid–base homeostasis Acid strength Acidity function Amphoterism Base Buffer solutions Dissociation consta...

 

New Zealand politician and Māori community leader Dame Naida GlavishDNZM JPGlavish in 2018President of the Māori PartyIn office2013–2016 Personal detailsCitizenshipNew ZealandPolitical partyMāori Party Dame Rangimārie Naida Glavish DNZM JP (/ˈɡlævɪʃ/ GLAV-ish) (born 1946)[1] is a New Zealand politician and Māori community leader from the Ngāti Whātua iwi.[2] From 2013 to 2016, she was President of the Māori Party.[3] Early life and career Glavish...

Australian pop rock duo This article is about the band. For the drink, see Lime cordial. Lime CordialeLime Cordiale performing at Peats Ridge Festival in 2012.Background informationOriginSydney, New South Wales, AustraliaGenresPop rocksurf rockalternative popYears active2009–presentLabelsIndependent/MGM, Chugg/MGMMembers Louis Leimbach Oli Leimbach James Jennings Tim Fitz Felix Bornholdt Nicholas Polovineo Websitelimecordiale.com Lime Cordiale are an Australian pop rock group formed in 2009...

 

Pakistani politician Pir Musavir KhanMember of the Provincial Assembly of Khyber PakhtunkhwaIn office13 August 2018 – 18 January 2023ConstituencyPK-19 (Malakand Protected Area-II)President of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf, Malakand DistrictIncumbentAssumed office 9 June 2020ChairmanImran Khan Personal detailsNationalityPakistaniPolitical party Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (2018-present) Pir Musavir Khan Ghazi is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the Provincial Assembly of ...

 

Computer sound card Mockingboard v1 clone Korean Mockingboard clone The Mockingboard (a pun on Mockingbird) is a sound card built by Sweet Micro Systems for the Apple II series of microcomputers. It improves on the Apple II's limited sound capabilities, as did other Apple II sound cards. In 1981, Sweet Micro Systems began designing products not only for creating music, but speech and general sound effects as well,[1] culminating in the release of the Mockingboard in 1983.[2] T...

Voce principale: Ginnastica ai Giochi della XXX Olimpiade.   Corpo libero maschileLondra 2012 Pittogramma della ginnastica artistica a Londra 2012 Informazioni generaliLuogoLondra - The O2 Arena Periodo5 agosto 2012 Partecipanti8 da 8 nazioni Podio Zou Kai  Cina Kōhei Uchimura  Giappone Denis Abljazin  Russia Edizione precedente e successiva Pechino 2008 Rio de Janeiro 2016 Ginnastica a Londra 2012 Artistica Qualificazioni uomini donne Concorso individuale uomini donn...

 

Distributed file system protocol Not to be confused with NTFS. This article is about a specific protocol. For the general concept, see distributed file system. Internet protocol suite Application layer BGP DHCP (v6) DNS FTP HTTP (HTTP/3) HTTPS IMAP IRC LDAP MGCP MQTT NNTP NTP OSPF POP PTP ONC/RPC RTP RTSP RIP SIP SMTP SNMP SSH Telnet TLS/SSL XMPP more... Transport layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels...

 

Holy Roman Emperor from 1554 to 1576 Maximilian IIPortrait by Nicolas Neufchâtel, c. 1566Holy Roman Emperor (more...) Reign25 July 1564 – 12 October 1576PredecessorFerdinand ISuccessorRudolf IIBorn31 July 1527Vienna, Archduchy of AustriaDied12 October 1576(1576-10-12) (aged 49)Imperial City of RegensburgBurialPrague, St. Vitus CathedralSpouse Maria of Austria ​(m. 1548)​Issue Anna, Queen of Spain Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor Archduke Ernest Elisabeth,...

1994 television film based on a Danielle Steel novel This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Once in a Lifetime 1994 film – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Once in a LifetimeDVD coverGenreDramaRomanceWritten byDanielle...

 

Defunct radio station in Davao City This article is about the radio station in Davao City. For the radio station in Nasipit, Agusan del Norte, see DXRR (Nasipit). This article needs to be updated. The reason given is: DXRR 101.1 is now The Anchor Radio. If sources has been found, please update this article.. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (May 2023) DXRR (MOR Davao)Final Logo of MOR 101.1 DavaoDavao CityBroadcast areaMetro Davao and su...

 

Peta Lokasi Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang di Aceh Berikut ini adalah daftar kecamatan dan gampong di kabupaten Aceh Tamiang beserta kode pos dan data sensus penduduk 2010.Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang memiliki 12 kecamatan dan 213 gampong dengan kode pos 24471-24478 (dari total 243 kecamatan dan 5827 gampong di seluruh Aceh). Per tahun 2010, jumlah penduduk di wilayah ini adalah 250.992 (dari penduduk seluruh provinsi Aceh yang berjumlah 4.486.570) yang terdiri atas 126.724 pria dan 124.268 wanita (rasio 1...

Political party in Ukraine Motherland Defenders Party Партія захисників ВітчизниFounded1997HeadquartersKyivColoursRaspberryWebsitekarmazin.org.uaPolitics of UkrainePolitical partiesElections The Motherland Defenders Party (Ukrainian: Партія захисників Вітчизни) is a political party in Ukraine registered in July 1997.[1] Election results The party ran independent in the 1998 Ukrainian parliamentary elections in which it won 0.30% of the v...

 

Spider-Man: Friend or FoeGeliştiriciNext Level Games YayımcıActivisionYapımcılarNext Level Games (Xbox 360, Wii, PlayStation 2)A2M (Nintendo DS, PlayStation Portable)Beenox (Microsoft Windows)BesteciJames L. Venable PlatformlarMicrosoft WindowsNintendo DSPlayStation 2PlayStation PortableWiiXbox 360ÇıkışKA: 2 Ekim 2007 (2007-10-02)[1]AU: 31 Ekim 2007 (2007-10-31)AVR: 2 Kasım 2007 (2007-11-02)TürlerAksiyon, macera, hepsini patakla, platformModTek oyun...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!