Complexe de Vaska

Complexe de Vaska



Structure et apparence du complexe de Vaska
Identification
Synonymes

carbonylchlorobis(triphénylphosphine)iridium

No CAS 14871-41-1
No ECHA 100.035.386
No CE 238-941-6
SMILES
InChI
Apparence solide cristallisé jaune vif
Propriétés chimiques
Formule C37H30ClIrOP2IrClC37H30OP2
Masse molaire[1] 780,251 ± 0,037 g/mol
C 56,96 %, H 3,88 %, Cl 4,54 %, Ir 24,64 %, O 2,05 %, P 7,94 %,
Propriétés physiques
fusion 215 °C (décomposition)[2]
Précautions
SGH[2]
SGH06 : Toxique
Attention
H302, H312, H331, P261, P280, P321, P302+P352 et P405
Transport[2]
-
   2811   

Unités du SI et CNTP, sauf indication contraire.

Le complexe de Vaska, nom d'usage du trans-chlorocarbonylbis(triphénylphosphine)iridium(I), est un composé chimique de formule trans-[IrCl(CO)(Ph3P)2].

Il s'agit d'un complexe organométallique diamagnétique de configuration plane carrée constitué d'un atome central d'iridium Ir coordonné à deux ligands de triphénylphosphine Ph3P l'un en face de l'autre (configuration trans) ainsi qu'à un anion chlorure Cl et un groupe carbonyle CO.

Ce complexe peut subir une addition oxydante et est connu pour sa capacité à fixer l'oxygène O2 de façon réversible. Il a été décrit en 1961 par Vaska et al.[3] et a ouvert la voie au concept de catalyse homogène, très employé en chimie organique.

Son rôle de catalyseur dans des réactions d'échange hydrogène-deutérium et d'isomérisation d'hydrocarbures a été très tôt démontré en phase homogène et sous conditions modérées[4].

Notes et références

  1. Masse molaire calculée d’après « Atomic weights of the elements 2007 », sur www.chem.qmul.ac.uk.
  2. a b c et d Alfa Aesar – consulté le 1er décembre 2012 « Carbonylchlorobis(triphenylphosphine)iridium(I) ».
  3. (en) Lauri Vaska et John W. DiLuzio, « CARBONYL AND HYDRIDO-CARBONYL COMPLEXES OF IRIDIUM BY REACTION WITH ALCOHOLS. HYDRIDO COMPLEXES BY REACTION WITH ACID », Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 83, no 12,‎ , p. 2784–2785 (lire en ligne) DOI 10.1021/ja01473a054
  4. (en) G.G. Eberhardt, L. Vaska, « Homogeneous catalysis with trans-chlorocarbonylbis(triphenylphosphine)iridium(I) », Journal of Catalysis, vol. 8, no 2,‎ , p. 183-188 (lire en ligne) DOI 10.1016/0021-9517(67)90301-6

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