↑(en) George Andrew Olah, « Stable carbocations. CXVIII. General concept and structure of carbocations based on differentiation of trivalent (classical) carbenium ions from three-center bound penta- of tetracoordinated (nonclassical) carbonium ions. Role of carbocations in electrophilic reactions », J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 94, no 3, , p. 808–820 (DOI10.1021/ja00758a020)