Boa (peuple)

Boa

Populations importantes par région
Autres
Langues boa

Les Boa sont une population d'Afrique centrale vivant au nord de la République démocratique du Congo.

Ethnonymie

Selon les sources et le contexte, on observe de multiples formes : Ababua, Ababwa, Baboa, Baboua, Babua, Babwa, Boas, Bobwa, Boua, Bua, Buas, Bwa, Bwas, Mangbua[1].

Les Boa vivent au nord de la République démocratique du Congo. Ils sont localisés dans le Bas-Uélé et dans les territoires de Baniala et de Basoko de la Tshopo. Après avoir résisté à la congolisation colonialiste, les Boa de Buta ont largement bénéficié de l'enseignement nouveau et se retrouvent nombreux dans les villes d'Isiro, Kisangani et Kinshasa tout comme dans la diaspora.

Les divers groupes ethniques de l'aire culturelle boa sont les Bakete, Bokapo (Bambesa), Balisi, Barisi, Babua de Kumu (Buta), Bali, Bobati, Mobati (Buta, Aketi, Bondo), Benge, Bobenge (Bondo, Aketi), Boa, Babua, Bwa (Buta), Boa, Babua de Kole (Banalia), Boa, Boguru, Bogoro (Bondo, Aketi), Bogongia (Buta), Bokiba (Bambesa, Basoko), Bokwama (Buta), Bulungwa (Bambesa), Gongola, Bodongola (Bondo, Aketi, Buta), Gala (Bondo), Gbe, Bagbe (Buta), Kango (Bondo, Buta), Moganzulu (Buta), Mongengita (Buta), Modongbale, Bolugwa (Bambesa), Wenza, Bawenza (Buta), Yeu, Bayew (Buta). Tous ces groupes ont un dialecte propre mais entre eux ils parlent libwa ou kibwa.

Culture

En Occident, les Boa sont souvent connus à travers leurs masques sculptés, pourtant relativement peu nombreux. Le masque pongdudu[2] présenté au Musée royal de l'Afrique centrale est caractéristique de cette production : il possède des oreilles surdimensionnées pourvues d’un orifice rond (bavongobo).

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie

  • (en) Rik Ceyssens, « The « Bwa war masks » of the middle Uele region : a review », in African arts (Los Angeles), 40 (4) hiver 2007, p. 58-73
  • Sophie Curtil, Masque vouvi, masque boa, Musée Dapper, Paris, 1992, 28 p. (ISBN 2-906067-19-9)
  • A. Dereine, « Le soulevement des Babua (1900-1901) », in Africa-Tervuren, 10 (2), 1964, p. 29-48
  • (en) Marc Leo Felix, « Boa », in 100 peoples of Zaire and their sculpture: the handbook, Zaire Basin Art History Research Foundation, 1987, p. 16
  • Joseph Halkin, Les Ababua (Congo belge) : sociologie descriptive, A. de Wit, Institut international de bibliographie, Bruxelles, 1911, 616 p.
  • Stanislas Modio Zambwa, « La poterie chez les Babwa du Haut-Zaire », in Cahiers des religions africaines (Kinshasa), 29 (57) 1995, p. 61-74
  • Jean Omasombo Tshonda (dir.), Bas-Uele : Pouvoirs locaux et économie agricole : héritages d’un passé brouillé, Tervuren, Musée royal d’Afrique centrale, (ISBN 978-9-4916-1586-3), p. 70-73

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