Bataille de Quimperlé

Bataille de Quimperlé
Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après
La bataille de Quimperlé
Informations générales
Date avril 1342
Lieu Quimperlé (Finistère)
Issue Victoire anglo-montfortiste
Belligérants
Bretons blésistes
Royaume de France
Bretons monfortistes
Royaume d'Angleterre
Commandants
Louis de La Cerda Wauthier de Masny
Forces en présence
6 000 espagnols 3 000 archers anglais
Pertes
inconnues inconnues

Guerre de Succession de Bretagne

Batailles

La bataille de Quimperlé est une bataille de la guerre de Succession de Bretagne, guerre régionale qui s'inscrit dans la rivalité franco-anglaise de la guerre de Cent Ans. Elle oppose en avril 1342 une armée anglo-bretonne aux ordres de Jeanne de Flandre, épouse de Jean de Montfort à une force franco-bretonne soutenant le parti de Charles de Blois et commandée par Louis d'Espagne.

La bataille est relatée dans les Chroniques de Jean Froissart[1], mais sa réalité historique est sujette à caution, car non avérée par d'autres sources.

Déroulement

Alors qu'il pille les environs de Quimperlé avec 6 000 soldats castillans, Louis d'Espagne et ses troupes rencontrent, lors d'un retour d'expédition, une armée de 3000 archers anglais. La bataille voit la victoire des Anglais. Les Castillans n'ont d'autre choix que de fuir grâce à leurs vaisseaux amarrées dans le port ou sur la côte de Quimperlé. Malgré la capture de la plupart des vaisseaux par Wauthier de Masny, Louis d'Espagne réussit à s'échapper avec un vaisseau qu'il abandonnera par la suite.

Un petit trésor, peut-être une bourse cachée par un soldat de l'armée franco-bretonne au moment de la bataille de Quimperlé en juillet 1342 se trouve au Musée de préhistoire de Carnac[2].

À la suite de la victoire du camp montfortiste, Wauthier de Masny rejoindra Jeanne de Flandre à Hennebont afin de la secourir.

Notes et références

  1. Manuscrit d’Amiens – Livre I, tome II.
  2. Gildas Salaün, "Les trésors monétaires médiévaux", in Christophe Pennec, Patrick André et Marie-Françoise Le Saux, Trésors enfouis : de l'âge du fer à la Révolution : [exposition, Vannes, Château Gaillard, Musée d'histoire et d'archéologie, 18 mai-30 septembre 2013], Vannes Loperec, Château Gaillard, Musée d'histoire et d'archéologie de Vannes Locus solus, , 55 p. (ISBN 978-2-368-33016-6).

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