Amona, Mateh Binyamin

Vue générale d'Amona.

Amona (en hébreu : עמונה)[Note 1] est un avant-poste israélien[1] du centre de la Cisjordanie, fondée en 1995 sur des propriétés privées palestiniennes. La colonie est située sur une colline surplombant Ofra (en), une autre colonie dépendant du conseil régional de Mateh Binyamin. La colonie comptait autour de 200 habitants en 2012[2].

La Cour suprême d'Israël décida en 2006 que la colonie était illégale d'après le droit israélien[3], mais en , son statut était toujours incertain car le gouvernement de Benyamin Netanyahou continue de s'opposer à l'ordre d'évacuation. Une enquête de la police israélienne révèle, en , que la colonie tout entière se trouve sur des terres privées palestiniennes et que les documents produits par les colons pour justifier l'achat des terres étaient falsifiées[4]. En , la Cour suprême d'Israël ordonne à l'État de faire évacuer et de détruire la colonie dans les deux ans[5]. Face aux nouvelles réticences de Netanyahou, la Cour réaffirme cet arrêté en , en fixant la date butoir pour la démolition au [6].

L'expulsion violente des résidents est finalement effectuée le le jour où le Premier ministre Benyamin Netanyahou annonce une nouvelle implantation pour remplacer Amona. Cette expulsion devrait être suivie de la destruction des maisons[7],[8].

Situation juridique

La communauté internationale dans son ensemble considère les colonies israéliennes de Cisjordanie illégales au regard du droit international mais le gouvernement israélien conteste ce point de vue[9].

Notes

  1. Le nom d'Amona est tiré du livre de Josué 18:24, qui mentionne Kfar Ha`Ammoni (littéralement, village des Ammonites)

Références

  1. Piotr Smolar, « En pleine expansion des colonies, Israël démantèle enfin l’avant-poste d’Amona », sur le site Le Monde.fr (consulté le ).
  2. (en) Future of Israel’s Amona Settlement Outpost Uncertain, The World, mars 2012.
  3. (en) Motti Inbari, Jewish Fundamentalism and the Temple Mount: Who Will Build the Third Temple?, pp. 166–167. SUNY Press, 2009.
  4. Chaim Levinson, « Police discover that entire Amona outpost was built on Palestinian land », Haaretz,‎ (lire en ligne, consulté le )
  5. Chaim Levinson, « High Court orders demolition of largest West Bank outpost within two years », Haaretz,‎ (lire en ligne)
  6. Israël : la Cour suprême maintient la démolition de la colonie d'Amona, en État palestinien, France 24.
  7. « Netanyahu annonce une nouvelle implantation pour remplacer Amona », sur The Times of Israel,
  8. Judah Ari Gross et AFP, « Entre larmes et affrontements, l’avant-poste d’Amona se vide », sur The Times of Israel,
  9. (en) « The Geneva Convention », BBC News,‎ (lire en ligne, consulté le )

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