Risiiniöljy

Risiinin siemeniä.

Risiiniöljy on kasviöljy, jota saadaan puristamalla risiinikasvin (Ricinus communis) papumaisista siemenistä. Risiiniöljyä käytetään voiteluaineena korkeaviritteisissä moottoreissa ja laksatiivina. Risiiniöljyn ATC-koodi on A06AB05.

Risiiniöljyn valmistuksessa kasvin siemenet kuoritaan, murskataan ja kylmäpuristetaan. Myös kuumapuristettua öljyä tehdään. Risiinikasvin siemenissä on risiini-nimistä myrkkyä, josta enin osa poistetaan öljystä kuumentamalla. Puristejäämä sisältää noin 5 % myrkkyä[1].

Risiiniöljy on huoneenlämpötilassa väritöntä, jähmeää nestettä, jonka sulamispiste on −10…−18 °C, kiehumispiste 313 °C, tiheys 0,96 g/cm3 (vesi = 1,0 g/cm3), leimahduspiste 229 °C (c.c.), itsesyttymislämpötila 448 °C ja CAS-numero 8001-79-4.

Risiiniöljyn rasvahappoja
Osuus Yhdisteen nimi Kemiallinen kaava CAS-numero
89,5 % Risinoleiinihappo C18H34O3 141-22-0
4,2 % Linolihappo C18H32O2 60-33-3
3,0 % Oleiinihappo C18H34O2 112-80-1
1,0 % Steariinihappo C18H36O2 57-11-4
1,0 % Palmitiinihappo C16H32O2 57-10-3
0,7 % 9,12-dihydroksisteariinihappo C18H36O4 25754-87-4
0,3 % Alfalinoleenihappo C18H30O2 463-40-1
0,3 % Arakidiinihappo C20H40O2 506-30-9

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